The main causes of myopia formation are congenital genetic factors and acquired environmental factors. Therefore, there is still a close relationship between people with myopia and heredity. It is now generally accepted that people with high myopia are basically an autosomal recessive genetic predisposition. If both parents are highly myopic, their children will be highly myopic; if one parent is highly myopic, their children will be highly myopic at 57.5%; if both parents are not highly myopic, but their children will be highly myopic at 22.2%. Because environmental factors also play a role in causing myopia, myopia is generally considered to be a multifactorial inheritance. Therefore, for patients with a family history of high myopia, the next generation must be careful with their eyes from an early age. For example, from the age of 2 to 3 weeks, it is best to visit the hospital ophthalmology department regularly for routine examinations, medical optometry and the length of the eye axis to initially determine the child’s refractive status. If vision abnormalities are found, promptly dilate the pupil for optometry and promptly treat the symptoms, for example, by wearing frame glasses or corneal contact lenses for treatment. The development of myopia can also be effectively mitigated by increasing outdoor sports and reducing the amount of time spent in close proximity to electronic devices.