Myopia Treatment Surgery is a procedure that applies medical silicone sponge, allograft sclera or broad fascia as a protective reinforcement material to reinforce and fuse the posterior sclera to support the posterior pole of the eyeball, preventing the posterior pole from expanding and lengthening the axial length of the eye, thus reducing myopia to a certain extent. At the same time, neovascularization is formed after the surgery, which enhances the blood circulation of the choroid and retina, stimulates the optic cells, activates the bioelectricity, and improves the visual sensitivity. This procedure is suitable for controlling the progressive lengthening of the eye axis in high myopia, especially important for adolescents with high myopia whose eye axis length is more than 26 mm and whose myopic refraction is deepening and developing more than 1.00D per year. Introduction of posterior scleral reinforcement Posterior scleral reinforcement is a surgical method to reinforce the thinning posterior sclera of the eye with an allogeneic sclera or other materials, with the purpose of controlling and reducing the progression of myopia, stabilizing myopia, and preventing the occurrence and progression of macular and posterior retinal degeneration, thus saving the visual function of some patients with rapid progression of high myopia. Posterior scleral reinforcement surgery is suitable for people There are two types of myopia: simple myopia and pathologic myopia, pathologic myopia is also known as progressive myopia, malignant myopia, etc. Clinically, myopia occurs at an early stage. Pathological myopia is also known as progressive high myopia and malignant myopia, etc. Clinically, myopia occurs at an early age, often before the age of 8, and myopia continues to deepen as age increases. The final myopia often ranges from 12.00 DS or more to -30.00 DS, the corrected visual acuity with lenses is often less than 1.0, the axial length of the eye is greater than 26 mm, and the fundus often shows complications of high myopia. Such patients often have a genetic component. The prognosis may be poor for children whose myopia occurs before the age of 8 years, so aggressive surgical treatment may be indicated for this group of children. Early posterior scleral reinforcement can stop the progression of myopia and prevent the development of myopic fundus complications. For adults, as myopia continues to deepen, excimer laser surgery is ineffective, and new myopia will appear for some time after the surgery. Therefore, posterior scleral reinforcement surgery should be performed first to stop the progression of myopia, and then other refractive surgeries are more effective after a period of stabilization after the surgery. Principle of posterior scleral reinforcement The mechanism and effect of scleral reinforcement in the treatment of progressive myopia have been confirmed by laboratory and clinical studies. The main mechanism of action is 1. Mechanical reinforcement of the posterior sclera, the implanted material will eventually and gradually merge with the recipient sclera, preventing the eyeball from expanding and lengthening the eye axis and stopping the progression of myopia. 2. Forming a new vascular network of the sclera, improving the nutrition of the sclera, choroid and retina. 3.It has a stimulating effect on the sclera locally, which is equivalent to biological tissue therapy. Principle of Posterior Scleral Reinforcement: Because the pathological basis of myopia development is the pathological expansion of the eyeball, the eye axis grows pathologically, which makes myopia deepen continuously. Posterior scleral reinforcement surgery is to implant human sclera and dura material into the back of the eyeball, the implanted material is bonded with the back wall of the eyeball, which effectively limits the expansion of the eyeball, prevents the lengthening of the eyeball, and promotes the formation of neovascularization of the sclera to enhance the blood circulation of the eyeball, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the development of myopia. Indications of posterior scleral reinforcement 1, adults with myopic refractive error >800 degrees, eye axis >26mm, annual progression of ≥100 degrees; 2, adolescents with myopic refractive error >400 degrees, eye axis >25mm, annual progression of ≥100 degrees; 3, there is a clear genetic predisposition to pathologic myopia; 4, posterior scleral chylothorax; 5, high myopia accompanied by macular degeneration, fundus lesions.