Jaundice is one of the most common manifestations in the neonatal period and can be divided into physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice, which are caused by different reasons. Physiological jaundice is caused by excessive bilirubin production in newborns, insufficient plasma albumin binding capacity for bilirubin, poor hepatocyte processing capacity for bilirubin, and poor hepatic and intestinal circulation, all of which can easily lead to higher bilirubin values. 2, pathological jaundice is more common causes, such as more red blood cell destruction, diseases such as neonatal hemolytic disease, erythrocytosis, red blood cell membrane, enzymes, hemoglobin abnormalities, internal bleeding such as large cranial hematoma, intracranial hemorrhage, pulmonary hemorrhage can cause increased bilirubin production; infections, including bacterial and viral infections can affect liver function and bilirubin metabolism, red blood cell destruction, resulting in jaundice Jaundice can be caused by congenital intestinal atresia, congenital pyloric hypertrophy, and congenital megacolon, which can delay stool and increase bilirubin absorption; jaundice associated with breastfeeding is caused by insufficient caloric and fluid intake and delayed fetal stool in breastfed newborns during the first week of life; asphyxia, hypoxia, acidosis, certain medications, and hypothyroidism can also cause persistently high jaundice. Congenital biliary atresia and common bile duct cysts can also cause significant jaundice. Jaundice requires timely treatment, otherwise the jaundice level is too high may be combined with bilirubin encephalopathy, causing irreversible damage to the child’s intelligence.