We often encounter children who see things crookedly in life, some of which are due to compensatory head position abnormalities caused by eye strabismus, also called ophthalmic squint, which is often misdiagnosed clinically as congenital surgical squint, and neck surgery is done. This not only causes unnecessary economic loss to parents and physical and mental trauma to the child, but more importantly, delays the treatment of the eye disease causing the squint, causing facial deformity and even loss of binocular vision. It is the common sense of ophthalmologists, surgeons and parents of children with strabismus to correctly identify the basic methods of ocular and surgical strabismus. Generally, the following examinations can be used to identify them: 1. Monocular masking test: Cover one eye arbitrarily, use the other eye to see, and observe whether there is any change in the child’s head position, and cover the child for at least half an hour. If the original abnormal head position improves or even disappears, it means that it is a squint caused by eye strabismus, called oculocutaneous squint. If there is no change, further examination should be done to see if the child has congenital squint. 2.Touch the sternocleidomastoid muscle to check: the muscle of the primary surgical squint is tonic, and the sternocleidomastoid muscle of oculogyric squint is normal. 3.Passive rotation of head and neck test: tilt the head position to the opposite side, no resistance is oculocutaneous oblique neck; with resistance means it may be congenital oblique neck. 4.Eye position check: oculocutaneous squint has strabismus; surgical squint has normal eye position. If you meet a child with squint, you should check both surgical and ophthalmological examination to find the real cause of the squint, so that the child can get the right treatment.