Ventricular septal defect is one of the most common congenital heart diseases, accounting for 20-32% of all congenital heart diseases, and has a high rate of spontaneous closure. Among them, perimembranous ventricular septal defect (PMVSD) has a spontaneous closure rate of 6%-50%. The trend of spontaneous closure of PMVSD is influenced by several factors, such as defect size, age, the presence of aneurysmal tissue of the ventricular membranous septum (ATVMS), left ventricular-right atrial shunt, tricuspid regurgitation, subaortic fibrous crest, and aortic valve prolapse. and aortic valve prolapse. However, due to the lack of an effective and accurate prediction system for spontaneous closure of PMVSD, clinicians are often torn between expecting spontaneous closure of PMVSD and early surgery to avoid serious complications such as cardiac failure, infective endocarditis, and aortic regurgitation due to VSD in the future. The relationship between each influencing factor alone and the natural closure of PMVSD has been reported more frequently, but the weight of each influencing factor on the natural closure of VSD and the effect of each influencing factor together on the prognosis of VSD have not been reported.