With the improvement of people’s living standards and the popularity of electronic products, the incidence of myopia is increasing in China, especially among children patients. Children with myopia should first determine whether it is true myopia or pseudomyopia, because the treatment of myopia of both natures is different. Pseudomyopia is usually caused by temporary vision loss due to eye fatigue, which does not require special treatment and is usually routinely treated with compound tropicamide eye drops or atropine sulfate eye gel to dilate the pupil, and the myopia can disappear after the pupil is dilated. Children with true myopia cannot be treated surgically because of their age, so the main treatment for myopia in children with true myopia is to wear frame glasses and wear keratoplasty lenses. The treatment of myopia in children also takes into account the degree of myopia, and in the case of mild myopia, there is also the option of visual function training to reduce or decrease the degree of myopia. The most important aspect of myopia management in children is to deal with the cause, because many children with myopia occur due to acquired factors, that is, eye habits. Therefore, correcting children’s eye habits, avoiding fatigue, and minimizing exposure to electronic products are the keys to solving the problem.