The heart has four chambers, the right atrium and the right ventricle have a tricuspid valve between the channels; the left atrium and the left ventricle have a mitral valve between the channels; there is a thick septum between the left and right ventricles called the ventricular septum, and this septum has a congenital defect known as a ventricular septal defect. This disease accounts for 20% – 25% of congenital heart disease. When the defect is small, there may be no obvious symptoms, but when the defect is large, it often affects the growth and development of the child because of more left-to-right shunts and insufficient body circulation. Heart murmur is the main sign, electrocardiogram shows left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac X-ray shows enlarged heart shadow, enlarged left heart, increased pulmonary blood, echocardiography can be clearly diagnosed. The ventricular defect is divided into perimembranous, double subarterial (substem) and myocardial defects. The double subarterial type cannot close spontaneously; whereas both myocardial and membranous ventricular defects have the possibility of closing spontaneously. Therefore, if the defect is small, does not affect the child’s development, does not have recurrent pneumonia, heart failure, or severe pulmonary hypertension, it can be reviewed at the age of 2 years under the follow-up of the doctor, and about 30% – 40% can be spontaneously healed. If they fail to close, elective surgery will be considered. However, if pneumonia occurs repeatedly in infancy, heart failure is difficult to control with medication, or is associated with severe pulmonary hypertension, surgery is required within 1 year of age. Non-surgical treatment of ventricular defect can be done by blocking the ventricular septal defect.