The need for surgery for lumbar spinal tuberculosis depends on the patient’s condition and the surgeon’s surgical technique. Most spinal tuberculosis and brucellosis spondylitis can be treated conservatively. Surgery is only indicated if there is a large abscess, destruction of bone structure, deformity, destruction of cervical stability, and if conservative treatment is ineffective and there is or will be spinal nerve damage, and lumbar spinal tuberculosis can be cured by minimally invasive local drainage and chemotherapy.