Amblyopia is a condition in which the distance visual acuity is less than 0.9 and the corrected visual acuity is not normal, or there are organic changes and refractive abnormalities, but the visual acuity is low and the visual acuity cannot be corrected without matching its pathology. Amblyopia is classified by degree as mild amblyopia (visual acuity 0.8-0.6), moderate amblyopia (visual acuity 0.5-0.2), and severe amblyopia (visual acuity less than or equal to 0.1). Amblyopia can occur during visual development, mostly starting at the age of 1 to 2 years. The earlier the onset of amblyopia, the more severe it becomes. Depending on the cause, amblyopia can be divided into five categories: strabismic amblyopia, refractive amblyopia, form deprivation amblyopia, congenital amblyopia, and refractive error amblyopia. Many parents mistakenly believe that amblyopia is equivalent to myopia, but in fact there is an essential difference between the two. Myopia is an eye disease caused by excessive tension in the ciliary muscle of the eye adjustment muscle or genetics, which causes the eye axis to become longer, so that the vision is not clear in the distance and clear in the near, and the corrected vision can be restored to normal after wearing glasses, while amblyopia is a kind of visual function development delay, disorder, often accompanied by strabismus, high refractive error, and the vision cannot be corrected to normal after wearing glasses. The eye disease is normal. Amblyopia is much more harmful to children’s visual function than myopia. Myopia is only a loss of visual acuity when looking at distance, not accompanied by other visual impairment, and the correction of visual acuity is not limited by age, while children with amblyopia not only have low visual acuity, which cannot be corrected, but also may not have binocular monocular function, no stereopsis, and will not be able to perform driving, mapping and fine work, which seriously affects the patient’s quality of life and self-confidence and work prospects. The efficacy of amblyopia treatment is closely related to age, the younger the age, the better the treatment effect, and the treatment is hopeless in adults. Therefore, early detection and diagnosis of amblyopia is very important. Preschool physical examination: In general, children, especially those who grew up in kindergartens, can recognize the visual acuity table at the age of 3 after a simple visual acuity teaching. Parents can also purchase a standard vision chart and carefully check it several times. If the visual acuity of one eye is below 0.8, the child should be taken to the hospital for further examination. It is generally considered best to have the examination no later than 4 years old. Children with amblyopia often have other manifestations besides low vision, such as strabismus, skewed vision, squinting or close to the eyes, etc. Once a child is found to have strabismus, it is best to take the child to the hospital for further examination. Once a child is found to have strabismus, he or she should be examined and diagnosed by a hospital ophthalmologist as soon as possible because about 1/2 of all strabismus is combined with amblyopia. Other abnormalities mentioned above should also be taken seriously, and should be checked by the hospital ophthalmology department to see if they are caused by eye disorders. There are many treatments for amblyopia, including masking, suppression therapy, grating therapy, posterior image therapy, red filter therapy, fine work training and synoptic machine training, etc. Choose one or several methods depending on the type of amblyopia. The key to amblyopia is early detection, timely and correct treatment, most of the vision can be improved, and the possibility of obtaining normal vision is also quite high. The treatment of amblyopia does not happen overnight. In addition to the doctor’s examination and guidance, the active cooperation of the child and parents is needed, otherwise not only half the effort will be made, but also half the effort may be lost, causing lifelong regrets.