Hyperthyroidism reduces the quality of life of patients, and their ability to work and study is significantly reduced. Many patients cannot work normally and students are forced to leave school. If patients, especially young women, have protruding eyes and an obviously enlarged thyroid gland, it can affect their appearance and cause serious mental trauma. Long-term untreated hyperthyroidism can cause serious complications such as heart disease and jaundice, which may endanger life and even sudden death. Therefore, it is important for patients to control hyperthyroidism as soon as possible. The three main methods of treating hyperthyroidism are anti-thyroid drugs, surgery and iodine-131. All three methods have been clinically used for more than 50 years and have a credible scientific basis. They each have their own scope of application and advantages and disadvantages. Based on the results of evidence-based medical research, physicians should present their advantages and disadvantages to patients and seek consensus on the most appropriate treatment for the patient. Iodine-131 therapy is described in detail here. Iodine-131 therapy is characterized by: 1. simple, safe, low cost and high benefit, patients only need to take one iodine-131 containing solution or capsule, more than 90% of patients are cured within 3-6 months, the total effective rate is more than 95%, the recurrence rate is less than 5%; 2. does not increase the incidence of cancer such as thyroid cancer and leukemia; does not affect the fertility of patients, does not increase genetic 3. Iodine-131 treatment is the best choice for patients with refractory severe hyperthyroidism who cannot be treated with anti-thyroid drugs or surgery, and it is even the only life-saving measure for some patients in serious danger; 4. Iodine-131 treatment for hyperthyroidism has better effect on mild to moderate hyperthyroidism proptosis, and also has certain effect on severe hyperthyroidism proptosis. The main disadvantage of iodine-131 treatment for hyperthyroidism is that it cannot avoid the complication hypothyroidism. The incidence of hypothyroidism in China is about 10% in the early stage and up to 60% in the late stage. After hypothyroidism is treated with thyroxine replacement therapy, thyroid function can be restored to normal and patients can live, work and study normally, and women of childbearing age can have normal pregnancy and delivery. Some patients with hyperthyroidism who need to be treated with iodine-131 do not use iodine-131 treatment because they are concerned about hypothyroidism, resulting in long-term failure to heal, or combined atrial fibrillation, or cerebral infarction and hemiplegia, or even sudden death due to hyperthyroid heart disease (sudden death), which is really the bitter fruit of misunderstanding. It should be noted that before treatment with iodine-131 examination, some preparations must be made, including: not to eat food containing iodine for half a month, especially seafood, such as seaweed, nori, shrimp and seafood pasta, etc., and to avoid using drugs containing iodine, such as amiodarone, huasu tablets, iodine, etc.; to stop using anti-thyroid drugs for more than 3 days according to the degree of hyperthyroidism, and to stop using Chinese medicine containing iodine for more than 1 month; if symptoms such as panic are obvious, you can If symptoms such as panic are obvious, symptomatic treatment with medication can be used; stop using sedative and sleeping drugs 1 week before the examination with iodine-131.