According to the 1991 American Society for Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery criteria for cervical lymph node division: Zone I includes subchin and submandibular lymph nodes; Zone II is the superior group of internal jugular vein lymph nodes; Zone III is the middle group of internal jugular vein lymph nodes; Zone IV is the inferior group of internal jugular vein lymph nodes; Zone V is the posterior occipital triangle or paraglottic chain lymph nodes; Zone VI, also called the anterior zone, includes cricothyroid lymph nodes, peritracheal lymph nodes, Zone VI, also called the anterior zone, includes cricothyroid lymph nodes, peritracheal lymph nodes, perithyroid lymph nodes and paraglottic lymph nodes. The central group of lymph nodes is also located in the VI zone of the cervical lymph node subdivision. The central group of cervical lymph nodes includes all lymphatic adipose tissue in this area, including all lymphatic adipose tissue below the thyroid cartilage, above the sternotomy and between the medial regions of the common carotid artery. Due to the anatomical location of the central group lymph nodes, which in many cases are the first stop lymph nodes for metastasis of thyroid cancer, the percentage of metastasis occurs relatively high. Therefore, for thyroid cancer, especially papillary cancer, we recommend to perform central group lymph node dissection, which can block the pathway of cancer metastasis to the lateral cervical region, and the rate of postoperative neck metastasis will be significantly reduced. In the American Thyroid Association guidelines, patients with stage cN0 papillary thyroid cancer are favored to undergo central group lymph node dissection as a concurrent procedure with thyroidectomy. Central group lymph node dissection can be performed in the same incision as thyroidectomy with only a small increase in operative time. The author believes that this procedure does not increase the surgical trauma and helps to reduce the incidence of lateral cervical lymph node metastases. More importantly, even if metastases develop in the lateral cervical region in the future, there is no need for additional central lymph node dissection, which can avoid damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve or parathyroid glands due to surgical adhesions or unclear anatomy.