Myopia is a state of refractive error that includes two main types: true myopia and pseudomyopia. Patients with true myopia often have organic changes in the eye, and the eye axis has become longer, which cannot be improved by physical therapy or eye medication, but only by glasses or refractive surgery to restore vision. Pseudomyopia is a transient condition caused by ciliary muscle tension and eye fatigue in adolescence, without organic eye changes. Patients can achieve normalization through physical therapy, visual function training and ophthalmic medication.