Almost everyone has been burned since childhood, especially in the summer when most of the skin is exposed and can be burned if not careful. Life-threatening injuries are rare, but unsightly scarring is common. What kind of burns can cause disfiguring results? What kind of burns must be treated promptly? How to deal with more scientific, less left after-effects? A, first of all, the correct understanding of burns burns belong to the class of burns, is caused by heat trauma to the skin and other organs and tissues. It is an acute injury, common in children, and more prone to serious burns under 5 years old. Those fire-irritated red spots on the skin caused by prolonged warmth and heat stimulation are not considered burns. The severity of summer burns is related to the degree of heat, duration of heat exposure and skin thickness, while the prognosis and the need for plastic repair are largely determined by the depth of the burn and also include the area of the burn and whether it has been scientifically and normally treated. Common burns are generally caused by high temperature liquid, solid or steam or flame. Second, understand the grading of burns, choose the appropriate treatment plan Because burns belong to a kind of burns, so the degree of burns also with the grading of burns. According to the depth of tissue damage, skin burns can be divided into four grades, superficial or epidermal burns (degree I), partial dermal burns (degree II), or full burns (degree III). Burns deeper than the subcutaneous tissue, involving fascia, muscle, and/or bone, are called IV degree burns. The purpose of grading is to determine the prognosis, as well as to select the appropriate treatment plan. Superficial burns, involving only the epidermal layer, do not blister, are painful, red and white when pressed, usually do not leave a scar, and heal within 4-6 days. Similar to sunburn. A partial dermal burn, involving the epidermis and part of the dermis, forms a blister within 24 hours, so if a burn does not occur at that time, it does not necessarily mean that it is a superficial burn, but may occur 12-24 hours later, is painful, red, and white when pressed. Healing usually occurs within 1-3 weeks, and pigment changes such as whitening or browning may occur after healing, and scarring is rarely seen. Some of the partial dermal burns are partial deep dermal burns that involve the deep dermis and destroy the hair follicles and glandular tissues, so there will be easily breakable blisters that are painful on pressure, heterogeneous in color and may have a florid pattern while the wound is moist because the blister walls break down. No whitening on pressure. Healing takes 3-9 weeks on its own, sometimes quite long with secondary infection or burns involving the joints. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish from full-layer burns. In the case of full-layer burns, they are full dermal burns, even involving subcutaneous tissue. The injury is so deep that blisters no longer appear, often accompanied by hypoesthesia or loss of sensation, and the skin can form scabs. There is no whitening on pressure. It is basically difficult to heal on its own and must be treated to do so. Fourth-degree burns are cases where deeper tissues such as fascia, muscle and or bone are damaged and may be life-threatening. In addition to the depth, the area of the burn also needs to be assessed, which can generally be done by using the area of the patient’s palm. The palm and fingers account for a total of 1% of the body surface area. Generally, the following cases are mild burns: simple burns; not involving the face, hands, perineum or feet; not crossing large joints, no circumferential burns, while the area is as follows: 10-50 years old patients with II degree burns less than 10% of the total body surface area; younger than 10 years old or older than 50 years old patients with II degree burns less than 5% of the total body surface area; any patients without other injuries with III degree burns less than 2% of the total body surface area. total body surface area. The treatment and therapy of scalding Mild scalding, outpatient treatment, others belong to serious scalding, need hospitalization multifaceted treatment. Treatment of burns: treatment of burns mainly includes removal of clothing and debris, cooling (rinse with running water, or sterile saline infiltrated gauze cooled to about 10°C and applied externally without ice), simple cleaning (use mild soap and tap water to clean burn wounds), debridement (shed or necrotic skin, including ruptured blisters should be debridged), blister treatment (small blisters are retained, large blisters go to the top, and ruptured blisters are cleared) and proper dressing (as much as possible exposed and if needed, dressings such as oiled gauze are used). Antibiotic ointment is recommended to prevent infection for all burns above the second degree. Pain treatment and tetanus prevention are important. V. Will burns leave scarring? Patients with shallow burns of degree I and II can generally return to normal after healing. If the healing is slow, more than 2 weeks, and secondary infections, etc., as well as severe burns, etc., permanent scarring may be left and early intervention is required.