Nasal bleeding first aid is a “skill” that every parent must know. Young children are active and often fall or trip, and once their noses are touched, nosebleeds are inevitable, especially in the dry season. Parents often feel very nervous when their babies have nosebleeds and do not know what to do.
I. Causes of nosebleeds
1.When suffering from cold, tonsillitis, pneumonia and other diseases, there will be symptoms of fever, at this time, the blood vessels of the nasal mucosa will be congested and swollen, even causing capillary rupture and nasal bleeding.
2, some blood diseases, such as thrombocytopenic purpura, aplastic anemia, hemophilia, leukemia, etc., nasal bleeding is often the first symptom to appear. If the baby often unexplained nosebleeds, parents should pay extra attention and take the baby to the doctor as soon as possible.
3, Minor trauma or forceful nose digging can damage the mucous membrane of the nasal septum and lead to nasal bleeding.
4.Local inflammation of the nasal cavity, such as acute and chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, can cause the nasal mucosa blood vessels to dilate or ulcerate, resulting in nasal bleeding.
5.In autumn and winter, the climate is dry, and the nasal mucosa also tends to dry and crust, leading to bleeding.
6.If the child has the habit of picky eating and partial eating, the lack of vitamins can also lead to nasal bleeding.
How to deal with nasal bleeding
1.Treatment when the bleeding is small
Let the patient sit down first, use the thumb and index finger to press the nasal wing on both sides, and press the nasal septum, and generally press for about 5-10 minutes, the bleeding can be stopped.
2.Treatment when the bleeding amount is large
If there is more bleeding or the bleeding cannot be stopped by the above method, use skim cotton or clean paper to fill the nasal cavity. But be careful not to loosely fill the pressure, because this will not achieve the purpose of stopping the bleeding. At the same time, put a cold water-soaked towel on the bridge of the nose or both sides of the neck at the large blood vessels to do cold compresses, can also stop the bleeding or reduce nasal bleeding.
Love reminder: no matter what the cause of the nosebleed is, even if the bleeding is stopped, you should go to the doctor to find out the cause to prevent nosebleeds from occurring again.
Third, when nosebleeds, the following 7 misconceptions should be avoided.
1.Be calm, avoid panic, because excessive mental tension is not good for stopping the bleeding.
2, avoid tilting the head. When you tilt your head, the blood flowing from the front nostril will flow unimpeded to the back nostril, and then flow to the mouth through the back nostril, so that the blood is not easy to coagulate into a block, and it is difficult to stop the bleeding.
3, avoid using fingers to pinch the two nostrils tightly, because this makes the blood flow elsewhere. Because the nostrils and mouth, eyes, ears are connected, blood can flow from these places, causing serious “seven holes bleeding”.
4, avoid using paper balls, leaves stuffed nasal cavity. This method not only fails to achieve the purpose of stopping bleeding, but will stab the nasal mucosa blood vessels, causing more serious bleeding.
5, avoid using cloth or cotton stuffed nasal cavity, because it may leave fibrous in the nose, causing bleeding again.
6.Do not use spittoon to catch blood. Take the body leaning forward and head down posture to spit blood into the spittoon, on the one hand, because the patient’s head is too low, can make more bleeding; on the other hand, the spittoon water mixed with blood, showing the amount of bleeding, so that the patient nervous, can also increase bleeding.
7, avoid still using the nose to breathe, should be temporarily changed to use the mouth for breathing. General nasal bleeding, the most common, bleeding site is the nasal septum anterior area, where the blood vessels are rich, the mucosa is thin, and the location is under the front, the most vulnerable to external stimulation, generally more unilateral nostril bleeding. Once it occurs, in addition to actively treating the cause, the correct emergency method is: the patient slightly lowers his head and gently presses the nostril on the bleeding side with his finger, and then takes other methods.
(1) nasal stuffing method, using clean gauze or toilet paper, rolled into a small volume of suitable thickness, stuffed into the nostril bleeding place;
(2) cold towel with cold water for the forehead, nose cold compress, so that the blood vessels meet cold stimulation and contraction, so as to achieve the purpose of stopping bleeding. After this treatment, generally not serious nosebleeds can be immediately stopped. If the bleeding is more and cannot be stopped by yourself, you should go to the hospital in time.
Fourth, how to prevent nosebleeds
1.If you have rhinitis or sinusitis, you should treat it as early as possible.
2.When you have a fever or cough, you should give the right treatment to cool down and stop the cough.
3.Change the bad habit of picking nose.
4.Don’t be partial to food, and eat more vegetables and fruits.
5.Drink more water. If the indoor air is dry, you can use a humidifier to keep the humidity in the room, open the windows frequently to ventilate the room, and pay attention not to make the room temperature too high.
If you have frequent nosebleeds, you should pay attention to the following preventive contraindications.
1.Avoid sneezing and dry stools within two weeks after nosebleeds.
2.Try to avoid touching the nose.
3.Do not blow your nose, lift heavy objects, and refrain from participating in strenuous sports.
4.Do not pick your nose.
5, avoid overdose of aspirin and other antipyretic and analgesic drugs.
6, eat less or avoid eating spicy stimulating and fried food to prevent inducing re-bleeding.