One mumps vaccination is usually sufficient to reduce the incidence of mumps, but long-term immune protection cannot be obtained; two vaccinations are required to achieve long-term immune protection against mumps. Mumps is an acute respiratory disease caused by mumps virus infection and is characterized by enlargement of the parotid glands, and is mainly seen in children and adolescents in winter and spring. The mumps vaccine is indicated for mumps susceptible persons over 8 months of age, and the first dose of MMR vaccine with mumps component is given around one and a half years of age, and can be given again at 4-6 or 11-12 years of age. After 5-12 days of MMR vaccination, symptoms such as swollen lymph nodes on the cheeks or neck or mild fever and rash may appear, and the symptoms may resolve on their own after a period of time. Infants and young children are susceptible to infection by some infectious viruses or bacteria due to their poor immunity, and vaccination can play an effective preventive role.