Microtia is a condition mainly characterized by an underdevelopment of the auricle, mostly accompanied by atresia of the external auditory canal (absence of the external auditory canal), and in some patients by narrowing of the external auditory canal. In severe cases, there is no vestige of an auricle in the ear, which is called aphakia. Simple auricle reconstruction can be performed after the age of 10, mostly at the age of 13-14, because at this time the material for auricle reconstruction – rib cartilage is basically enough for reconstruction, after the age of 20, the rib cartilage ossification, flexibility decreases, which may affect the effect of reconstruction. Currently, there are two main methods of auricular reconstruction: hydrocapsule expansion and non-hydrocapsule expansion. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Whether and when to reconstruct the external auditory canal depends on the development of the affected ear (temporal bone), the development of the opposite ear and hearing. If the opposite ear has normal development and hearing, and the affected ear is evaluated for external auditory canal reconstruction, auricular reconstruction can be performed at the same time, or auricular reconstruction can be performed alone. At 4-6 years of age, atresia of the external auditory canal in both ears can be preceded by reconstruction of the external auditory canal on one side, and implantation of bone-conducting hearing aids is also an option. However, patients with external auditory canal stenosis are at risk of developing cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal, and should be seen promptly if they develop pus in the ear and redness around the ear.