When you have a good time when the dragon whistle or L gin unintentional glance to see the color of urine red, perhaps a heart tight: “bad, something happened. How red is the urine? Don’t get any disease, right?” Yes, why is the urine red? What is the reason? What should I do? The color is red, but the situation is very different. In general, the following conditions cause red urine: hematuria caused by disease, and pigmented urine caused by food and medication. For food and drug-induced red urine color, because it is a drug or food metabolism produced by pigment substances generally have no effect on the body, while hematuria can not be so simple. Hematuria – as the name implies blood in the urine – is superficially the same but the disease can be very different. So what could be the cause and which department should I see? So let’s take a look at what causes blood in the urine and what diseases can cause it. Common causes of hematuria: 1. Urinary system diseases: (1) inflammatory diseases: acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, ureteritis, inflammation of the bladder and urethra, urinary tuberculosis, renal encapsulation, renal amebiasis, Egyptian schistosomiasis, etc.; (2) kidney stones, ureteral, bladder and urethral stones; (3) neoplastic diseases with benign and malignant tumors of the kidney, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder and urethra; (4) Injuries: trauma to the kidney, bladder and urethra, instrumentation, kidney biopsy, etc.; (5) congenital diseases such as polycystic kidney, spongy kidney, bladder diverticulum, endometriosis of the bladder, sericosis, etc.; (6) other rare diseases such as renal prolapse, renal infarction, foreign body in the bladder, radiation cystitis, idiopathic hematuria, etc. 2. Male reproductive system diseases such as prostate hyperplasia, prostate cancer, prostate inflammation and seminal vesiculitis, etc. 3. Systemic diseases: 1. Infectious diseases such as epidemic hemorrhagic fever, scarlet fever, filariasis; 2. Hematological diseases such as replete anemia, platelet allergic purpura, hemophilia, leukemia, etc.; 3. Cardiovascular system diseases: heart failure, atherosclerosis, endocarditis, etc. 4. Drug and biological poisoning: poisonous insect bites such as poisonous snakes and spotted cucumber; heavy metal preparations such as gold and arsenic in traditional Chinese medicine; western drugs such as azithromycin, cold and flu, norfloxacin, aniracetam, cefradine, astemizole, acetylspiramycin and cyclophosphamide. 5, immune diseases: allogeneic blood transfusion, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria. These are not true hematuria, but red urine due to the presence of hemoglobin. Does red urine necessarily mean hematuria? No! We can determine the true or false hematuria by the following preliminary points: Generally, what we call hematuria with a color like “flesh wash” or even like fresh blood, is called naked eye hematuria, and some of them have blood clots, which is true hematuria and has surgical significance. There is another kind of hematuria that we cannot see and need to find through microscopic examination, called microscopic hematuria or invisible hematuria, which has many causes and can occur in various departments; if there are clear colored drugs and no other symptoms, pigmented urine can be considered; after blood transfusion, the red color of urine should be highly alert, beware of hemolytic hemoglobinuria, and tell the doctor immediately; after poisonous snake and insect bites, red urine is also a toxin destruction. The redness of urine after a poisonous snake or insect bite is also a toxin that destroys red blood cells. When you can’t figure it out, you don’t have to say anything, just go to the hospital and leave the headache to the doctor. I know it’s blood urine, so where is the blood coming from? The blood from the bladder is bright red, if there is a blood clot is often irregular form, when the bleeding is large clot blockage can cause difficulty in urination or urinary retention; kidney, ureteral bleeding is often dark red, can discharge long blood clots, sometimes accompanied by renal colic; these are surgical hematuria. Since there is surgical and there is medical, there are quite a lot of them. Which one should I be? Let’s look at other symptoms to see if we can initially determine what’s going on, which department to visit and what tests should be done: 1, with urinary frequency, urinary urgency, painful urination or difficult urination: young adults such as chronic progressive course and accompanied by low fever more kidney tuberculosis; married women with acute onset of acute cystitis is common; older men with difficulty urinating should consider prostate enlargement or tumor factors. In addition, bladder stones, bladder tumors, female pelvic inflammatory disease, tubal inflammation, etc. can also occur in such cases. The first choice is to have a urine test, and older men should also have a pelvic ultrasound, a blood PSA test and a transanal prostate finger examination to diagnose whether the prostate is simply enlarged or combined with a tumor. 2, hematuria with back pain: common are urolithiasis, renal tumors, rare diseases such as renal prolapse, polycystic kidney, renal embolism. Urolithiasis is characterized by hematuria often appearing after pain, with severe pain on the diseased side of the waist or abdomen, and radiating to the ipsilateral abdomen, external genitalia or inner thighs. There is usually no abdominal muscle tension, and there may be nausea, vomiting, profuse sweating or even emaciation. Some people shrink into a ball and roll on the floor because of the unbearable pain of a renal colic attack. No way? It’s too much. Believe it or not, I do believe it. Anyway, I’ve seen big men rolling over in bed and grunting, for the record – rolling over is not a poker game to win! The first thing you need to do is to get a good idea of what you’re doing. Toothache is not a disease, the pain is really killing me – how about you try one? Hey, hey, just kidding. But the pain is really not a cover. So go to the urology department, a dulcolax and antispasmodic will make you relax immediately. An abdominal ultrasound and x-ray can easily fix whether the urinary stones are making you practice vertical dragonfly. Pay attention to the difference with acute appendicitis, ovarian cyst torsion, intestinal obstruction, ectopic pregnancy, gastrointestinal perforation, incarcerated hernia, etc. 3, hematuria with fever: common are acute pyelonephritis, tuberculous kidney abscess, kidney stone secondary infection, kidney tumor, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, scarlet fever and leptospirosis, etc. This depends on which department is not easy to say, and is related to internal medicine, surgery, and infectious diseases. We should first do laboratory tests, ultrasound, CT and other tests for preliminary diagnosis and then go to the relevant departments for further treatment. 4, hematuria with swelling, hypertension: common with acute and chronic nephritis or hypertensive disease. Most of them are microscopic hematuria, and carnal hematuria is rare, along with other manifestations of renal impairment. See the internal medicine well. 5, hematuria with other parts of the bleeding: should consider thrombocytopenic purpura, allergic purpura, hemophilia, leukemia, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, etc. Related to nephrology, hematology and infectious diseases, surgery should not go. 6, asymptomatic hematuria: common are urological tumors, early renal tuberculosis, urolithiasis, radiation cystitis, drug-induced hemorrhagic cystitis and idiopathic hematuria, motility hematuria, etc. The so-called idiopathic hematuria is actually a general term that has no substantial effect on the body and the exact cause of bleeding has not been identified, including atypical glomerulonephritis, small intrarenal hemangioma, intrarenal varicose veins, microstones, increased capillary permeability in the kidney and so on. In fact, some hematuria has very clear causes, such as a history of pelvic radiation therapy, strenuous exercise, or after taking medication. If you can’t figure it out, don’t bother with your own brain cells, let your doctor have a headache – see a urologist first to rule out tumors. The most fearful thing is to ignore the tumor disease. Let me tell you a little secret: intermittent painless hematuria should be paid attention to, which is mostly the manifestation of tumor: urinating blood once or twice without medication and injection, and stopping by itself, giving the illusion of getting better. It is easy to confuse people when it reappears after a while or stops on its own, without pain. Attention, this is a heavy killer ah! What to do? Go to urology!