Thyroiditis and hyperthyroidism are two different concepts. Thyroiditis is an inflammation of the thyroid gland that can be either infectious or non-infectious. Non-infectious inflammation represents autoimmune inflammation and includes chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, also known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, which is more common in clinical practice. There is also subacute thyroiditis, which is often caused by a viral infection that leads to an immune disorder, resulting in thyroiditis. Inflammation can lead to either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is a group of metabolic syndromes in which the thyroid gland synthesizes and secretes too much thyroxine for various reasons, resulting in increased excitability and hypermetabolism of the nervous system, digestive system and cardiovascular system of the body, manifesting as a series of symptoms such as panic, sweating, easy hunger, irritability, and weight loss. The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is not Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or subacute thyroiditis, but Graves’ disease, which is characterized by large neck and protruding eyes.