In recent years, numerous studies in Japan and abroad have shown that myopic defocusing in front of the eye can prevent myopia from occurring and developing by stopping the eye axis from lengthening.
Myopic defocusing means placing a farsighted device in front of the eye to focus the image entering the eye in front of the retina, causing farsighted foggy vision and preventing the development of myopia through intraocular biochemical changes and gene expression on chromosome 15, which tends to shorten the development of the eye axis.
Currently, the most used and most effective myopic defocusing method in clinical practice is mainly wearing myopic defocusing teleoptics. Myopic defocusing teleoptics include two main types of defocusing teleoptics and defocusing teleoptics: teleoptics are fundamentally different from farsightedness or upper convex lens lenses in general.
Telephoto lenses are focusing lenses, although they can cause myopic defocus in front of the eyes, but the human eye through the effective degree (200 ~ 300 degrees) telephoto lenses to see things, will feel hazy eyes, dizziness and other discomfort, so they can not be used in clinical. The defocused telephoto lens is a combination of convex-prismatic lens, which can produce 300 degrees of virtual farsightedness without causing eye haziness and discomfort. The shifted-focus teleoptic lenses, on the other hand, can produce an effective myopic defocus through a combination of high magnification concave and convex lenses and by mechanically shifting the focus to produce an adaptable progressive increase in farsightedness. Thus, myopia development is controlled.
Thus, the use of defocusing teleoptics will become the most effective and reliable method for modern students to control myopia.
I. Definition of myopic defocusing and hyperopia method (referred to as defocusing and hyperopia method)
Broad definition: All methods that help create a farsighted state are called defocusing and farsightedness;
Narrow definition: The method of providing students with acceptable virtual or progressive hyperopia by optical and physical methods, which produces more than 200~300 degrees of myopic defocus in the eye, is called defocus hyperopia.
II. Classification of out-of-focus hyperopia
(A) can be based on the way to produce hyperopia 2 categories
1.Virtual focal hyperopia method.
The method that can provide virtual hyperopia and cause myopic defocus of about 300 degrees. Such as wearing defocused hyperopic lenses, etc.
2.Shift-focus hyperopia method.
The method of progressive shift-focus hyperopia, causing a myopic defocus of 200~500 degrees, can be provided.
(B) can be divided into static and dynamic hyperopic method according to whether dynamic shift focus
1. Static distalization method: characterized by the fact that the focal point of looking near can be virtually moved to the far side, but cannot be moved to the far side. Such as the virtual focal distalization method. It can be used as the basic out-of-focus distalization of myopic eyes.
2.Dynamic distant visualization method: characterized by the possibility of moving the focal point of looking near. Such as the above-mentioned focus and shift the focus of the distant method of static distant method is a kind of basic hyperopia; dynamic distant method is a reinforced myopic eye out-of-focus hyperopia method. It can be used to intensively control myopia.
Third, the role of myopic out-of-focus hyperopia
1.Counteracting the nearness (the main cause of myopia in students): it can be done by defocusing or zooming the focus of the eye when looking at the nearness to the far side beyond 5 meters (the refractive focus of the farsighted eye is at the far side beyond 5 meters).
2. Blocking the genetic link of myopia pathogenesis: myopic defocus can inhibit biochemical changes in the eye through neural reflexes and other pathways, or block the expression of the base of chromosome 15 (associated with myopia), thus preventing the eye axis from becoming longer (the eye axis increases by about 300 degrees of myopia for every 1mm).
Fourth, the physiological characteristics of the eye in the out-of-focus hyperopia state
1. The ciliary muscle in the eye is relaxed or paralyzed (when using dilating medication), the lens is flattened, and the refractive focus of the eye is located 5 meters away from the far side (compared to the non-farsighted state);
2. The extraocular muscles are in a relaxed, resting state, and both eyeballs tend to move outward in a negative pooling state, with maximum visual field;
V. Out-of-focus hyperopia is the energy fast line of students’ vision care
(a) Hyperopia is the refractive state necessary for the human eye to maintain good distance and near vision.
Out-of-focus hyperopia can produce or provide hyperopia, there are the following effects on vision care.
1, hyperopia is the guarantee of good vision: good vision is almost always hyperopic; a certain amount of hyperopia, so that the human eye can see both distant objects and near objects.
2, farsightedness is the nemesis of myopia: gold grams wood, water grams fire, farsightedness grams myopia. The principle of optometry suggests that students who maintain more than 25 degrees of farsightedness will be free from myopia for life. And myopia is the main eye disease that damages far-sightedness.
3.Farsightedness is the guarantee of efficient eye use. Having a certain amount of farsightedness can prevent visual fatigue caused by TV, computer, reading too much books, etc.
4.The main purpose of vision care is to maintain good near and far vision and to prevent myopia and eye fatigue caused by eye efficiency reduction.
(1) to maintain good vision must rely on a certain amount of distance vision, no distance vision that occurs myopia, vision will not be protected. A large number of clinical and animal experimental research suggests that only to maintain the natural farsightedness, and create a certain state of farsightedness, in order to ensure a clear look at the distance, look at the near, in order to prevent eye fatigue and myopia occurrence, development. Only then can we achieve the ultimate goal of elephant eye care – good vision.
(2) Farsightedness is the use of optical and physical methods to move the refractive focus of the human eye to the far side of 5 meters away, and to conduct far – near focusing sensitivity training, so as to maintain the natural farsightedness, or to create a state of farsightedness.
Because hyperopia can timely supplement, maintain or create hyperopia, prevent visual fatigue, and counteract the causes of myopia and interrupt the process of myopia, modern eye care regards hyperopia as an energy fast line for vision care.
In order to maintain good vision, prevent the occurrence and development of visual fatigue and myopia, or for vision care, each student’s eyes need to be defocused and farsighted every day to replenish the energy needed to maintain farsightedness.
Sixth, out-of-focus hyperopia is the nemesis of student myopia (the most ideal method) (that is, the relationship between hyperopia and myopia)
Students’ myopia is mainly due to the state of myopia caused by long-term near vision, which is opposed to the state of hyperopia and interdependent, and can be transformed under certain conditions. Myopia occurs and develops when myopia factors are dominant, and stops developing or even partially fades when hyperopia factors are dominant.
Farsightedness is to take advantage of the opposing relationship between myopia and hyperopia, to provide conditions that are more conducive to maintaining or creating hyperopia, to promote the transformation of myopia into hyperopia, and to allow myopia to stop or subside in hyperopia.
VII. Rationale of the out-of-focus hyperopia method to control students’ myopia
The occurrence and development of acquired myopia in students are mainly related to two major factors.
1. The “nearness” factor in the etiology: about 8% of students’ myopia development is related to nearness, and controlling nearness can control more than 80% of students’ myopia.
2. 2 key links in the disease process: The onset of myopia in students involves 2 key links that can affect the onset and development of myopia.
(1) The near reflex: the reflexive appearance of regulatory myopia and pooled visual field narrowing at the time of viewing, which can lead to intraocular biochemical changes and eye axis lengthening;
(2) Decreased ocular sensitivity: i.e., decreased ocular focusing sensitivity secondary to prolonged near vision;
Both of these key components can eventually lead to intraocular biochemical alterations that result in longer eye axes through gene expression on chromosome 15. The intraocular biochemical changes include a decrease in dopamine, atropine and nitric oxide, and an increase in enkephalin, vascular growth factor and growth hormone, which can lead to a lengthening of the eye axis, increasing axial myopia (i.e., true myopia) by approximately 300 degrees for every 1 mm of growth.
A large number of animal tests and clinical studies have shown that out-of-focus hyperopia can inhibit intraocular biochemical changes and eye axis lengthening, thus controlling the occurrence and development of myopia or even reducing some of it.
(B) The principle of the distant visualization method to control myopia.
Similar to gold over wood and water over fire. That is, the opposite of myopia, “hyperopia”, is used to block or offset the myopia process.
The farsightedness method uses the out-of-focus farsightedness lens to counteract the main cause of myopia (looking close) and block the myopia gene expression link to prevent the eye axis from becoming longer, thus controlling the occurrence and development of myopia.
VIII. The defocusing teleoptic method is the most reliable method to control myopia in students
It is known that most traditional methods of myopia control for students are not reliable because they cannot effectively counteract the main cause of myopia, “nearness”, nor can they block the key link in the myopia process, gene expression and eye axis lengthening.
The distant lenses are special glasses designed specifically for the causes and key aspects of myopia in students. The most modern and reliable myopia control instrument for students’ myopia.
1, students myopia is mainly due to long-term “look close” caused by the myopia process, there are a large number of animal and clinical research results suggest that “look close” is the main cause of the occurrence and development of acquired myopia. Professor Xu Guangdi, the former head of China’s Student Myopia Control Group, also pointed out that nearness is the main cause of myopia.
2. The refractive state of farsightedness and myopia is the opposite, which can offset myopia, just like water and fire can’t be separated, water can put out fire, and farsightedness can also offset or terminate the myopia process.
3.The process of farsightedness is through special farsightedness lenses (such as low-degree convex prismatic defocus lenses, automatic farsightedness lenses, etc.) to offset the “looking near”, or the “looking near” virtual process of looking far. At the same time, the eye sensitivity trainer improves the eye adjustment and visual field movement sensitivity, so that both eyes are in a state where the refractive focus can be sensitively shifted to the infinite distance or around.
Since hyperopia counteracts the myopia factor in looking near, it promotes the conversion of myopia to hyperopia. Therefore, it is currently the most direct and reliable method to control myopia, and can produce immediate results.
4. Several famous myopia experts in China support the use of myopia control for students. For example, Professor Xu Guangdi, former head of the Chinese Student Myopia Prevention and Control Group, Professor Guo Jingqiu, head of the Pediatric Ophthalmology Group, and Professor Zhang Xiaofang, director of the Henan Eye Institute, have all publicly or in their books supported the use of farsightedness to control myopia in students. Professor Xu Guangdi believes that myopia is the main cause of myopia, and points out in his book “Myopia Prevention and Control for Youth” that experimental studies have confirmed the effectiveness of farsightedness (i.e., low-degree convex lens with trigeminal lens) in the prevention and treatment of myopia in students. Professor Zhang has confirmed through a lot of clinical studies that telephoto lenses are an effective method to control students’ myopia “synchronization of learning and treatment”.
He also pointed out that the main advantage of the far-sighted mirror is that it integrates myopia prevention and treatment into the study of reading and writing, so that students can unconsciously prevent myopia while reading and writing, i.e., learning and treatment are synchronized, which is a more ideal method to control students’ myopia. Prof. Guo Jingqiu even pointed out in his book “Prevention and Control of Youth Visual Impairment” that farsightedness (i.e. low-degree convex lens + trigeminal lens) is the most ideal method to control students’ myopia at present.
IX. The effect of out-of-focus hyperopia control has been supported by a number of animal experiments and clinical studies (with or without scientific basis)
Animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that nearness, reduced visual field, and decreased eye sensitivity can cause biochemical changes in the eye, leading to the development of myopia, and the method of hyperopia is a myopia control method designed for these key aspects of myopia, which has a strong scientific basis.
New research suggests that the development of myopia mainly involves the near reflex (regulation and assembly) and the delayed sensitivity of regulation.
Experiment 1: Long-term near vision can cause severe myopia in animals, while far vision (also a kind of myopic defocus) can prevent myopia
The newborn monkeys were divided into near- and far-seeing groups. The near-seeing group was placed in a barrel of about 1250px and could only see 625px of the barrel wall. This experiment suggests that the near reflex can cause severe myopia, while the far reflex, i.e., farsightedness, can prevent myopia from occurring.
Experiment 2: Myopic defocus lenses can prevent axial myopia
Chicks were given myopic defocusing glasses for both eyes, causing myopic defocusing of the peripheral visual field, and it was found that the axial elongation of the eyes was significantly slowed down.
Experiment 3: The effect of defocused hyperopia in controlling students’ myopia in the long term was significant
We observed more than 3000 cases of students with myopia for more than 5 years and found that defocused distance glasses can effectively slow down the occurrence and development of myopia in more than 80% of students. It can make more than 80% of primary and secondary school students’ myopia development from more than 100 degrees to 50 degrees or less per year.
X. The main instruments used for hyperopia.
Mainly for the cause of myopia “look close” and myopia process 2 key links (near reflex and eye sensitivity) of the instrument: (a) defocus hyperopia
(a) defocusing teleopticon (3 types): patch-type teleopticon, frame-type, and tabletop teleopticon
(B) shift focus (automatic) telecine (1 kind): myopic automatic control telecine or video telecine, or myopic automatic telecine.
Eleven, how to choose to control myopia with telecine?
(a) Understand why students suffer from myopia?
Students are born farsighted (if they are myopic, it is related to their parents’ genetic inheritance or mutation), and farsightedness has the effect of preventing myopia. As long as students can maintain 25 degrees or more of farsightedness, they will be myopia-free for life. However, there are many myopic factors in students’ lives, such as watching TV and reading books, that consume farsightedness, and when farsightedness is consumed, it turns into myopia. This shows that. The development of myopia in students is mainly related to the depletion of farsightedness by myopic factors.
(2) Understand the principle of defocusing teleoptics to control students’ myopia
Similar to water over fire, the opposite of myopia, hyperopia, is used to interrupt or counteract the myopia process.
The defocusing lens can counteract the main cause of myopia (nearness) and block the two key aspects of myopia, namely near reflex and reduced sensitivity, so as to control the occurrence and development of myopia.
(C) Understanding the types of defocusing teleoptics
Telephoto lenses can be divided into three main categories according to their nature of the cause or key link of myopia: 1.
1, defocusing defocusing telephoto lenses (belonging to the static base type of telephoto lenses): can look near when the refractive focus virtual to 5 meters away from the far side, and can offset look near about 300 degrees of adjustable myopia methods, such as wearing defocusing telephoto lenses, auto-zooming telephoto lenses, etc.
2, shifting the focus of the defocusing teleopticon (i.e., automatic teleopticon, belongs to the dynamic strengthening teleopticon): can look at the near refractive focus shifted to 5 meters away from the far side, and can offset look at the near 300 ~ 500 degrees of regulatory myopia, can increase look at the far focusing sensitivity.
The virtual focus telephoto lens is a basic telephoto lens that can be used to prevent myopia from occurring or to prevent any degree of myopia from developing. Because its role is static and virtual, when some stubborn myopia can not be well controlled, can be added with dynamic teleoptic effect of focusing or shifting focus teleoptic lens to strengthen the teleoptic effect to obtain better teleoptic effect.
(D) can be used according to the applicable objects and habits of life, such as 1 to 2 kinds of out-of-focus telephoto mirror
1.Defocus telemeter.
Applicable objects.
(1) no myopia students to prevent myopia: with writing posture telephoto mirror or desktop telephoto mirror;
(2) 200 degrees of myopia or less, and do not want to wear myopic glasses: writing posture telephoto mirror or desktop telephoto mirror;
(3) 200 degrees or more of myopia: use the patch type telephoto mirror;
(4) Any degree of myopia, those who develop faster.
Use: Wear it every day to read and write or look at the computer, the longer you wear it, the better the effect. One of the desktop far-sighted glasses, let children read and write or complete homework under the desk lamp far-sighted eyes.
2.Shift focus (automatic) telecine (i.e. myopic happy control mirror)
Applicable objects.
(1)Myopia prevention for students without myopia;
(2) 200 degrees of myopia or less, and do not want to wear myopic glasses;
(3) 200 to 700 degrees of myopia development faster;
(4) 200-700 degrees of myopia, other methods of control is not effective.
How to use: that is, every night after completing homework wear it to watch TV computer or novel about 15 bells, in the happy unconsciously far from the eyes to prevent myopia. This is the most popular among students, the best myopia prevention method.
Twelve, automatic (out-of-focus) far-sightedness mirror is the most ideal far-sightedness method to control students’ myopia
1.It can block the etiology and two key links of myopia of students
A large number of studies suggest that there are three important factors that determine the speed of myopia occurrence and development of students: near vision, near reflex and decreased sensitivity of adjustment.
Since the automatic distance mirror can block the three key links of myopia, which is unique among existing myopia devices, its effect of controlling the occurrence and development of myopia is much better than other myopia. (You can visit Liu Dongguang Myopia ldgabc.com to learn more)
2.Progressive farsightedness can be provided to offset myopia and immediately reduce the degree of mixed myopia
The vast majority of students’ myopia is mixed myopia, i.e. mixed with regulatory myopia in true myopia, which is also the reason why students’ myopia
This is the main reason why students must go to the hospital for dilated eye examinations to remove the myopia before they can be diagnosed. Automatic distance lenses can produce 300-500 degrees of progressive vision in about 15 minutes.
It can produce 300~500 degrees of progressive hyperopia, which can offset myopia and reduce 50~200 degrees of mixed myopia;
3. It is a happy method of controlling myopia.
Since myopia formation is long-term, its control also needs long-term persistence to be effective, therefore, modern myopia control methods emphasize control during homework or entertainment so as to motivate students to persist for a long time and ensure good long term results.
The automatic distanting mirror is used in watching TV, computer and books, so that students can distant their eyes and counteract myopia in the unconscious and happy enjoyment, so it is popular among students.
4.The near-term and long-term effects are better
(1) Recent effect: Using Japanese Seiko WR-5100K small-pupil computerized optometry to examine 100 cases of 7~12-year-old students with 100~500 degrees of myopia, it was found that after 15~30 minutes of wearing the auto-farsighted lens, 97% reduced myopia by more than 50 degrees, 73% reduced by more than 75 degrees, 36% reduced by more than 100 degrees, 13% reduced by more than 150 degrees, and repeatedly started the auto-farsighted program 2~3 times. The effect of reducing myopia was significantly enhanced after the program was repeatedly started 2~3 times.
(2) Long-term effect: After more than 3 years of controlled observation of 527 cases of myopia in primary and secondary school students with less than 600 degrees, it was found that 83.3% of students who wore the auto-distant mirror to watch TV and computer for more than 15-30 minutes per day could control the development of myopia to 0-50 degrees per year (while the group without the auto-control mirror developed 100-150 degrees), and 4.2% decreased 25-75 degrees (none of the control group decreased). The total effective rate was 87.5%. The other 12.5% were ineffective, which could be related to the elongation of the eye axis caused by the growth spurt of primary and secondary school students, or the lack of consistent use of these lenses.
It can be seen that the automatic telephoto lenses are the most ideal method to control myopia in students at present.