In recent years, “bariatric surgery” has gained increasing recognition as a treatment for obesity and diabetes. It is gradually and frequently used in the medical literature, and has become a buzzword for weight loss that has attracted widespread attention from the media and the public. However, the general public’s perception of “bariatric surgery” is not comprehensive enough, and some people even regard bariatric surgery as stomach cutting or stomach reduction. According to the principle of weight loss, weight loss surgery can be categorized into intake restriction surgery, and both intake restriction and absorption surgery. After more than 70 years of development, the most popular types of surgery are sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass surgery, and their therapeutic effects are widely recognized. Intake-restricting surgery: Sleeve gastrectomy This type of surgery reduces food intake by changing the volume of the stomach. The procedure involves preserving 2-6 cm of the gastric antrum above the pylorus in the direction of the greater curvature of the stomach, and removing a large portion of the stomach along the long axis of the stomach, so that the remaining stomach is in the shape of a banana, with a volume of about 60-80 cm. This reduces the volume of the stomach, and reduces the secretion of the hormone that stimulates the production of hunger pangs. Surgery to limit intake and absorption: Gastric bypass This type of surgery restricts food intake by altering the intestinal architecture and reconstructing the digestive tract, creating a small gastric pouch in the upper part of the stomach; at the same time, by using the distal jejunum and the gastric pouch, food is bypassed through the large part of the stomach, the duodenum, and the first part of the jejunum, thus controlling the intake and absorption of food to a great extent. Since the world’s first laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery was performed in 1994, laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery has become the gold standard in bariatric metabolic surgery due to its advantages in weight loss outcomes and surgical risks, and is currently the most common weight loss surgery performed in the United States. It is becoming more and more widely used, with the number of people who have undergone bariatric surgery around 500,000 per year globally. In 2013, gastric bypass surgery was ranked as one of the “Top 10 Medical Innovations of the Year” by the Cleveland Clinic. At the same time, weight loss surgery is also recognized by more and more obese, diabetic patients, so weight loss surgery is not only the stomach cut so simple Oh!