HPV testing methods include traditional testing methods and molecular biology testing methods. HPV infection is very common in everyday sexually active women. Most infections are subclinical and insidious, and their lesions are self-limiting and reversible, with only some developing persistent infection, some of which can progress to cervical squamous epithelial lesions. HPV testing is therefore clinically important for the detection, diagnosis and monitoring of cervical lesions. Traditional methods of HPV detection include cytopathological testing, colposcopic testing, histopathological testing, electron microscopic techniques, cervical videography, and cervical fluoroscopy. The traditional detection methods have disadvantages such as low sensitivity, poor specificity, high false-negative and false-positive rates, and can only indicate the presence of lesions but not typing of HPV. The current experimental diagnostic techniques for HPV mainly apply molecular biology techniques for HPVDNA detection, and the common clinical methods for HPV detection include Southern hybridization, in situ hybridization, PCR, speckle hybridization, and the hybridization capture method developed in recent years. Commercial kits based on molecular hybridization allow easy detection of HPV in specimens collected from cervical cell smears, while enabling clinical application of HPV testing. Currently, various improved PCR methods and hybridization capture methods are being used to check for accurate HPV typing.