Hyperthyroidism (hyperthyroidism) is determined to have some relationship with heredity. Most of the clinical patients with hyperthyroidism are familial, and the children of mothers with hyperthyroidism have a higher susceptibility to the hyperthyroid pathogen than others, although they have a higher susceptibility to hyperthyroidism, not everyone will develop hyperthyroidism. One is exposure to hyperthyroidism pathogens, and the other is a decrease in one’s resistance to disease due to overexertion or mental factors. Hyperthyroidism refers to a clinical syndrome in which the thyroid gland increases its function and secretes too much thyroid hormone (TH) for a variety of reasons, resulting in increased excitability and hyper-metabolism in the nervous, circulatory and digestive systems of the body. Hyperthyroidism is usually referred to as hyperfunctional toxic diffuse goiter Graves’ disease, which is the most common clinical condition. The immunological theory is that hyperthyroidism is an autoimmune disease. Recent studies have proved that the disease is induced by stress factors such as infection and trauma on the basis of genetic predisposition and is an organ-specific autoimmune disease caused by defective function of suppressive T lymphocytes, and is an autoimmune thyroid disease together with autoimmune thyroiditis. A survey has shown that 60% of patients have a tendency to have familial qualities. The human immune system includes cellular and humoral immunity, and it is the presence of these immune systems that protects the body from damage caused by various factors in nature. Autoimmunity is the process by which the body loses immune tolerance to its own tissue components or bacterial antigens, leading to the production of immune effector cells or autoantibodies and causing damage to itself. Autoimmunity is physiological in many cases, and in addition to defense against damage from nature, it also has an internal surveillance function within the body that protects normal tissue cells and removes aging and mutated cells. When the autoimmune response exceeds the physiological limit or lasts too long, causing damage and dysfunction of its own tissues and leading to disease, it is called autoimmune disease. Some of these lesions are systemic, while others involve only certain organs, and hyperthyroidism belongs to the latter – organ-specific autoimmune disease. Among the various types of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease, a toxic diffuse goiter, has the most pronounced genetic predisposition, while the other types of hyperthyroidism are generally not considered to have a significant genetic relationship. Family members of patients with toxic diffuse goiter are significantly more likely to develop the disease. Human leukocyte antigens are a marker of heredity, and a number of studies have found a significant increase in one or more human leukocyte antigens in patients with toxic diffuse goiter, further suggesting a strong genetic link. There are many types of hyperthyroidism, the most common of which is toxic diffuse goiter Graves’ disease. The development of toxic diffuse goiter is associated with genetic and autoimmune factors, but the presence or absence of symptoms of hyperthyroidism is also associated with a number of predisposing factors
(environmental factors). If these triggers are avoided, it is possible to avoid, delay, or reduce the symptoms of hyperthyroidism.