In western countries, acute leukemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma and other hematologic malignancies are in the top ten of malignant tumor incidence, and the incidence rate in China is also increasing year by year. The incidence rate of leukemia in China is about 3/100,000 to 4/100,000. Among the mortality caused by malignant tumors, leukemia ranks sixth (male) and eighth (female), but is the first among children and adults under 35 years old. Among them, acute leukemia is the more common malignant disease of the hematological system, with an incidence of about 4/100,000. The incidence of hematologic diseases in our city is also on the rise, occurring in adolescents and older people of all ages. Common symptoms of leukemia: 1, anemia: is a common symptom that appears in the early stage, manifested as severe progressive anemia, all will appear pale skin, dizziness and weakness, swelling and shortness of breath after activity. 2, fever: fever as the first symptom accounts for 50% to 84%. 3. Bleeding: bleeding due to thrombocytopenia and infiltration of blood vessels with abnormal infantile cells. 4.Liver and spleen enlargement: most common, especially in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 5.Lymph node enlargement: mostly confined to the neck, axillae and groin. 6. Skeletal manifestations: mostly seen in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Patients often have percussion pain and pressure pain at the lower end of the sternum, soreness or hidden pain in the joints of the extremities, and joint swelling in severe cases, and some patients can cause osteoporosis, osteolytic destruction, and even pathological fractures. The causative factors of leukemia 1, viruses: such as human T lymphocyte virus type I, DNA tumor virus, AIDS virus, etc. 2.Ionizing radiation: including X-rays, γ-rays, ionizing radiation, etc. 3, chemical factors: years of exposure to benzene and organic solvents containing benzene, such as gasoline and rubber, are associated with the occurrence of leukemia. For example, the incidence of early shoemaking workers (exposure to glue containing benzene) is 3 times to 20 times higher than the normal population. Some drugs can damage blood cells to cause leukemia, such as chloramphenicol, Protaxon, etc. 4, genetic factors: monozygotic twins, such as the occurrence of leukemia in one person, the incidence of the other person is 20%, in addition to congenital aplastic anemia, congenital gammaglobulin deficiency, etc., the incidence of leukemia will be increased. 5, other blood diseases: certain blood diseases may eventually develop into leukemia, such as myelodysplastic syndrome, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, etc.