MDS is the abbreviation for myelodysplastic syndrome, a malignant hematologic disorder.
MDS is a group of hematopoietic stem cell clonal disorders with the risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. It can develop at any age, with patients being predominantly middle-aged and older than 50 years of age, and more men than women. Most patients have insidious onset of the disease and may be asymptomatic, or may present with a series of manifestations such as anemia, weight loss, skin petechiae and ecchymosis, bleeding gums, fever, enlarged liver and spleen, and joint pain.
Treatment for myelodysplastic syndromes should be individualized according to the condition. Depending on the severity of the condition, it can be categorized into a low-risk group and a high-risk group.
The low-risk group tends to be treated with symptomatic supportive therapy, hematopoietic factor therapy, immunomodulators, and epigenetic drugs. In the high-risk group, the main treatment methods and measures include symptomatic supportive therapy, hormone therapy, cytokine therapy, immunomodulator therapy, chemotherapy, immunosuppressant therapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Patients suffering from myelodysplastic syndromes need to cooperate with doctors in active treatment.