”Chronic cough, coughing, chest tightness and shortness of breath with or without wheezing are common respiratory diseases among middle-aged and elderly people. During the cold winter and spring seasons, the air is dry, the temperature is low, the defense function of the respiratory tract decreases, and respiratory viral infections are common, so the disease mostly develops or worsens during the cold winter and spring seasons. Therefore, the “old slow branch” in the cold season, especially need to do a good job of protection. The smoke in cigarettes can damage the bronchial mucosa and the defense function of the respiratory tract, increase the secretion of respiratory mucus, and cause bronchospasm, triggering an acute attack of “old slow-onset”. Second, the prevention of colds: according to statistics, more than 90% of the “old slow-onset” patients due to colds caused by acute attacks, therefore, the prevention of colds is very important. During the cold season, we should pay special attention to dressing warmly, avoiding exertion, wearing a mask to prevent the nasopharynx from being stimulated by the cold, opening windows and ventilating the room daily, and not going to crowded places. It is recommended to receive influenza vaccination every autumn and winter to prevent influenza. Avoid exposure to harmful dust or particles: exposure to atmospheric sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and other gases, or indoor fumes and soot from biofuels can damage the bronchial mucosa, plus the dry and cold winter air, which can easily cause the onset of “old and slow bronchial”. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the proper temperature and humidity of indoor air, and the room should be ventilated frequently to keep the indoor air fresh and clean. Fourth, moderate physical exercise and respiratory exercise: physical exercise can enhance physical fitness, improve the body’s immunity and adaptability to climate change, the intensity of exercise varies from person to person, the way to exercise walking, jogging, playing tai chi, etc.. Respiratory function exercise can enhance the muscle strength and endurance of the respiratory muscles, exercise the way there are abdominal breathing and lip reduction exhalation, the two can be combined with the exercise. Fifth, strengthen nutrition: “old slow branch” patients mostly have malnutrition, need to strengthen nutrition, can eat high protein food, such as eggs, lean meat, milk, fish, soybean products, etc.. In the cold season, eat a moderate amount of mutton, dog meat and other meat containing high calories to enhance the ability to withstand the cold, while eating fresh vegetables and fruits regularly to supplement vitamins and trace elements. Sixth, maintain an optimistic and stable mood: to maintain emotional stability, to avoid anxiety, depression and other adverse factors of stimulation; optimistic, happy spirit, happy can enhance the body’s resistance, conducive to the recovery of “old slow branch”. Seven, life should be regular: daily life should be regular, avoid strain and stay up late. Eight, reasonable use of drugs: “old slow branch” also according to the condition of the need, under the guidance of doctors, the use of asthma, phlegm, cough and other drug therapy, severe cases to long-term home oxygen therapy or home ventilator therapy.