A. The concept of hemorrhoids and the morbidity profile Hemorrhoids are soft venous masses formed by enlarged varicose veins in the mucous membrane at the end of the rectum and the subcutaneous plexus of the anal canal or by subcutaneous thrombosis or proliferation of connective tissue at the lower end of the anal canal, commonly known as hemorrhoids. External hemorrhoids: occur below the dentate line and are a disease caused by enlarged varicose veins or ruptured or repeatedly inflamed fibrous growths of the external venous plexus of the hemorrhoid. It is characterized by anal swelling, pain, and a foreign body sensation. It can be divided into varicose external hemorrhoids, thrombotic external hemorrhoids and connective tissue external hemorrhoids. The internal hemorrhoids are soft venous masses formed by enlarged varicose veins and congestion in the intra-rectal plexus under the mucosa above the anal tooth line. It is characterized by blood in the stool, prolapse of the hemorrhoid nucleus, and anal discomfort. Mixed hemorrhoids: It refers to the varicose vein plexus of internal and external hemorrhoids of the same orientation, which communicate and anastomose with each other, so that the internal and external hemorrhoid parts form a whole. Most of them occur at 3, 7 and 11 points of the truncus position. Hemorrhoids are divided into internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, and mixed hemorrhoids, and are the most common anorectal disease, and there is a saying that “nine hemorrhoids in ten men” and “ten hemorrhoids in ten women”. They can develop at any age, but the incidence increases with age. The incidence of hemorrhoids in our country is 46.3%, which brings inconvenience to people’s life and work due to repeated episodes of blood in the stool, prolapsed hemorrhoids, edema of external hemorrhoids, thrombosis, internal hemorrhoids and anal dampness and itching, and life-threatening changes such as severe anemia and embedded necrosis can occur in serious cases. Second, what are the symptoms of hemorrhoid disease? Blood in stool: painless, intermittent, bright red blood after stool is its characteristic, and is also a common symptom in the early stage of internal or mixed hemorrhoids. Prolapse of hemorrhoid nucleus: It is often a late symptom, mostly with blood in stool followed by prolapse, and with the increase of hemorrhoid nucleus, it can come out of the anus when defecating. Pain: When internal hemorrhoids or mixed hemorrhoids prolapse and become embedded, with edema, thrombosis, infection and erosion and necrosis, there are different degrees of pain. Anal dampness and itching: internal hemorrhoids, prolapsed hemorrhoids and relaxed anal canal sphincter, often have secretion outflow, due to the secretion stimulation, so that the anal skin is often stimulated and eczema and itching occurs. What are the characteristics of Chinese medicine in treating hemorrhoids? 1.Chinese medicine internal medicine Indications: It is suitable for patients with first and second stage internal hemorrhoids with short duration and small amount of blood in stool, and not suitable for surgery. The main treatment principle of Chinese medicine is to clear heat and cool blood and dispel wind. Commonly used formula: Cool Blood Dihuang Tang or Huaijiao Wan. If there is prolapse, add Radix Codonopsis and Radix Astragali; if there is edema and pain, add Poria and Plantago; if there is blood in the stool for a long time, add Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Codonopsis and Radix Astragali to nourish the blood. 2, Chinese medicine suppository rectal administration Drug suppositories can make the drug directly on the affected area, easy to use, fast and reliable, and has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, laxative, hemostatic, protective wounds and promote mucosal repair and other effects. Drug suppositories are generally composed of a specific drug formulation and matrix (excipient), and are made into torpedo or slug shape. After being placed into the intestinal cavity, it melts when heated, adheres to the mucosa and is partially absorbed. Commonly used suppositories in Chinese medicine: Jiuhua hemorrhoid suppositories, taining suppositories, chemical hemorrhoid suppositories, etc. It should be used after the stool. When using it, you need to relax the anus and apply a little lubricant on its head, such as paraffin oil, petroleum jelly, etc. 3.Chinese ointment can be applied externally. You can use golden ointment, Ma Yinglong musk hemorrhoid ointment, Anal Tai ointment, Longzhu ointment, Sanhuang ointment, Shengmyu Yuhong ointment, Jiuhua ointment and so on. 4.Chinese medicine bath fumigation Identify the evidence to choose to clear heat and dampness, swelling and pain relief of Chinese medicine bath fumigation, help to reduce hemorrhoids bleeding edema, pain. Prescription: dandelion, raw cypress leaf, pepper, bitter ginseng, mannitol, atractylodes, raw ground elm, wind, cypress, red peony, raw licorice, five times. The decoction of the above medicine is taken and fumigated in a sitz bath after defecation. 5.Acupuncture and moxibustion for swelling and pain, take the acupoints Changqiang and Chengshan, the technique is diarrhea, and keep the needles for 3-5 minutes; for prolapse, take the acupoints Changqiang and Chengshan, the technique is tonic, and keep the needles for 3-5 minutes.