Wang Ping, Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Children’s Hospital, congenital orbital malformation correction surgery is still one of the most challenging surgeries for pediatric ophthalmologists at present, the main reason for this is the fine movement of the eyeball and the complex musculovascular-skeletal structure of the orbital region, and many diseases, such as congenital oculo-orbital malformations, orbital-facial traumatic fracture, and intraorbital tumors, etc., which require ophthalmologists to perform surgical repairs to the eye sockets and other ocular involvement areas as well as precise removal of the lesion site. The precise resection of lesions, otherwise blind operation brings great surgical trauma and risk. Encouragingly, with the introduction of 3D printing technology, doctors are now able to use 3D printed models to improve the accuracy of orbital implantation surgery, achieve the best prognosis and realize true “precision medicine”. After a child named Pengpeng was born, he had difficulty opening his right eye, and his eyelid was sunken. After opening his eyes for about a month, his parents were surprised to find that the child’s eye socket only had a small eyeball as big as a bean, and so he was immediately brought to our outpatient clinic for medical treatment. At that time, the child’s right eye was basically invisible, and there was a soybean-sized “miniature non-functional eyeball” in the sunken eye socket. Cranial and orbital MRI showed that the right eyeball structure was poorly visualized and the entire orbit was very poorly developed, and visual examination revealed a complete loss of vision in this eye. This was a case of congenital microphthalmos and treatment was aimed at maximizing the restoration of the child’s appearance, but had to be started as early as possible or else there would be residual very obvious orbital deformities and facial deformities. After communicating with the parents in detail and introducing the latest advances in the treatment of congenital microphthalmia at home and abroad at present, I carefully formulated a systematic plastic surgery program for the child: firstly, starting from 2-3 months with a prosthetic eye piece to start enlarging the anterior part of the eye sockets; starting from 2 years of age with posterior orbital implant dilation, to stimulate the development of the posterior orbital part of the eye sockets; and then eyelid enlargement and orthopaedic surgery after 4 years of age.On October 19th the child, who had turned 2 years of age came in for regular review. Through almost 2 years of constant eye film replacement, we found that the child’s anterior orbital size and shape had developed as expected, and he was in a condition to undergo the second step of surgical implantation. However, in order to preserve the child’s own small eyes and protect the blood vessels and tissues in the orbit as much as possible, the appropriate size of the implant needed to be clarified, and the location of the implantation surgery was also very critical. I started to review the latest domestic and international information, and came up with a bold idea: whether it is possible to reconstruct the patient’s orbital floor (i.e., the bottom of the eye socket) and the position of the eyeball through the patient’s CT scans and MRI image data by using professional 3D modeling software, and print out the 3D model, and based on the 1:1 scale size of the simulated 3D eye socket, to find the optimal access to the implant and, the most accurate implant shape and size. We contacted this idea with the most professional 3D printing company in our province-Hunan Jiayi 3D Technology Application Co., Ltd. and reached an affirmative answer, and the technicians of the company rushed to take the child’s orbital CT and other professional data and information, and made the 3D effect diagram overnight, and brought the 3D model into the operating room. On the operating table, we found the best approach to the lateral orbit by referring to the 3D simulation, and successfully implanted the 1×1cm2 size of exfoliated cell dermis-covered ocular base, and retained the child’s original eyeball intact, and placed the ocular membrane just to correct the orbital depression, and avoided removing the child’s eye, and achieved a satisfactory result as expected. At the end of the surgery, we found that the information provided by the 3D model of the orbital morphology and the accessory structures of the eyeball matched almost exactly with what was seen during the surgery, and surprisingly, the muscle tissues were also imaged very accurately, giving very accurate guidelines and hints for the surgery! The 21st century is witnessing the rapid development of 3D printing technology, and the emerging technology has already found many famous applications in the fields of architecture, manufacturing, and engineering. The 21st century is witnessing the advancement of 3D printing technology, an emerging technology that has already had many notable applications in the fields of architecture, manufacturing, and engineering, and has recently begun to see emerging applications in the medical field, most commonly in orthopedics and dentistry. This is the first time that 3D printing has been used in the correction of congenital orbital malformations, but it brings very exciting information that the technology will be used more often in the future to design surgical plans that are more precise and intuitive. We are going to continue to track the late orbital development of this child and simulate the orbital molding by 3D technology after 6 months, comparing with the preoperative 3D model, to understand how the child’s orbital enlargement is; we will also explore the application of 3D technology in the simulation of ocular muscle, and we expect to bring new hope to the children with strabismus and more children with ocular anomalies!