Complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus generally include acute complications, such as ketoacidosis, and chronic complications, such as diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy.
1. Acute complications: ketoacidosis and diabetic non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma (hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state) are common. It is related to the severe lack of insulin, elevated blood glucose induced metabolic disorders, and requires timely treatment. type 1 diabetes mellitus has a tendency to spontaneous ketosis, so it is more likely to develop acute diabetic ketoacidosis.
Secondly, type 1 diabetes mellitus is prone to infectious complications. Patients with high blood glucose are susceptible to infections, atypical pathogen infections, or pre-existing infections that are not easily cured.
2. Chronic complications: diabetic retinopathy, a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, severe blindness; diabetic nephropathy, destruction of small blood vessels in the kidneys, severe uremia; atherosclerosis, inducing coronary artery disease, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disease; diabetic neuropathy, diabetic dermatopathy, infectious symptoms, and diabetic foot and so on.
Therefore, patients with type 1 diabetes should strictly control their blood sugar to avoid the development of complications, and it is recommended that after diagnosis, patients need to actively seek treatment under the guidance of a specialist.