Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) was first reported and named by American surgeon Atallah et al. in 2010. It is a transanal minimally invasive surgery (no transabdominal incision), which is similar to transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) by placing a single laparoscopic channel into the anal canal and using conventional laparoscopic instruments to perform local resection and radical surgery of rectal tumors through the anal route. However, due to the high cost of special equipment and long learning curve, TEM has not been fully promoted and applied in China and abroad, and is now mainly performed in large medical centers, and patients have to bear the high cost. In other words, it is more accessible to a wide range of surgeons and less costly for patients. This procedure is commonly used for local excision of early rectal cancer, mainly for early rectal cancer 10 cm from the anus, and has the advantages of good radicality and quick recovery. The author’s team studied in Florida Hospital in the United States, the founding team of this procedure, in 2014 and was the first to perform this procedure in China. The author believes that the TAMIS procedure will have a better application prospect for the treatment of early rectal cancer, which is a gospel for rectal cancer patients.