Hyperthyroidism, short for hyperthyroidism, is a thyrotoxicosis caused by excessive production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid glands themselves. Its causes include diffuse toxic goiter (Graves’ disease), nodular toxic goiter and autonomic hyperfunctioning adenoma of the thyroid gland. How long hyperthyroidism can live cannot be generalized and may be related to factors such as the length of history, the degree of hormonal elevation, the age of the patient, the availability of treatment and the effectiveness of treatment. In general, hyperthyroidism does not affect the life expectancy of the patient, but some special cases may endanger the patient’s life, such as: ① Hyperthyroidism crisis: untreated or inadequate treatment of severe hyperthyroidism may lead to hyperthyroidism crisis, which may lead to heart failure, shock and coma in severe cases. The death rate of hyperthyroidism crisis is over 20%; ② indifferent hyperthyroidism: it is mostly found in elderly patients, with insidious onset and inconspicuous symptoms, which can be easily ignored or misdiagnosed, thus delaying the disease and causing adverse consequences; ③ thyrotoxic heart disease: the effect of thyrotoxicosis on the heart can lead to tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and heart failure; ④ hyperthyroidism in pregnancy: it is harmful to both pregnant women and fetuses. The negative effects of hyperthyroidism on pregnancy are mainly miscarriage, premature birth, pre-eclampsia and placental abruption, which may endanger the life of mother and fetus. Therefore, hyperthyroidism is a disease caused by excessive production of thyroid hormones, which normally does not affect the life expectancy of patients, but in severe cases, it can cause various hazards to patients and even endanger their lives. Therefore, patients with hyperthyroidism, it is important to seek timely consultation and systematic and standardized treatment to avoid unnecessary harm.