Mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) is the average concentration of hemoglobin contained in each liter of blood. Normal adult mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration is (320 to 360) g/L (or 32% to 36%). However, the average red blood cell hemoglobin concentration is not usually high and is commonly clinically normal or low. MCHC is mostly used for the differential diagnosis of specific types of anemia patients. If the patient’s hemoglobin value is lower than normal, it proves that the patient has anemia, and then the type of anemia can be determined based on the mean erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration. If the patient’s MCHC is below normal, it is mostly small cell hypochromic anemia, such as iron deficiency anemia, dyscrasia, and iron granulocytic anemia. If the patient’s MCHC is normal, the patient should be judged as macrocytic anemia or normocytic anemia based on their mean red blood cell volume (MCV). If MCV?100fl, it is macrocytic anemia, such as megaloblastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, etc. If MCV is normal (80-100fl), it is normocytic anemia, such as aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, etc. The etiology can thus be narrowed down, and the cause of the patient’s anemia can be clarified in combination with other relevant tests. Therefore, MCHC is mainly used for the differential diagnosis of anemia types and is generally not elevated. Moreover, MVHC alone is not significant for the diagnosis of the disease, and it needs to be combined with the patient’s medical history and relevant examinations to make a clear diagnosis.