Exotropia has a high prevalence in children and is a common and frequent disease in children. Although it is also manifested by the outward deviation of the eyes, there are many different causes and treatments. Many parents of children with exotropia are eager to learn more about it, so we have summarized below some of the more common types of exotropia in children (some rare types are not included) for parents’ reference. However, the diagnosis and treatment of children’s exotropia requires rich expertise in pediatric ophthalmology and eye muscles to complete, so we hope that parents who suspect or find that their children have exotropia must go to a specialist hospital in time to avoid missing the best time for treatment. Congenital exotropia usually occurs within one year after birth and is not very common clinically, and the cause is not clear. The angle of exotropia is large, alternating and constant, and the eye movement is basically normal, which can be combined with other types of strabismus. Treatment】First of all, we need to dilate the pupil to examine the eyes, there is no obvious refractive error can be without glasses, but if there is monocular amblyopia to treat the amblyopia first, so that the vision of both eyes is basically balanced. Surgery is best performed at the age of 12-18 months, and fusion is almost impossible after the age of 2 years. Intermittent exotropia is the most common clinical condition, mainly due to imbalance between pooling and separating functions, insufficient pooling function and low fusion function. The average age of onset is around 4 years old, and there are more females than males. The degree of strabismus varies according to the distance of gaze, the intensity of attention, and the state of visual fatigue. Most of the children have normal visual acuity. Some children have photophobia (closed eyes) in outdoor sunlight. Other types of strabismus may be combined. Treatment】First of all, the refractive status of the child should be checked, and if there is myopia, nearsighted glasses should be worn to stimulate the adjustment and help maintain the eye position in the right position. For small degrees of exotropia, trigeminal lenses can be worn to make both eyes feel more comfortable while waiting for surgery. Orthokeratology training – de-inhibition, enhanced range of motion fusion, etc. can also be performed. The age of surgery is usually 4-6 years old. If the strabismus is greater than 15 trigeminal degrees, the motor fusion is impaired, and the near stereopsis is greater than 60′, surgery should be performed as early as possible. Constant exotropia is usually transformed from intermittent exotropia to constant exotropia, which is also common in clinical practice. The cause is not well understood, but it is mainly affected by the imbalance between the collection and separation functions as well as mechanical and anatomical factors. The ectropia is large and relatively stable, and the visual acuity (or corrected visual acuity) is generally good, but some children have monocular amblyopia in combination. Constant exotropia can be combined with other types of strabismus. Treatment】First of all, check the refractive status, and correct refractive error and amblyopia in time. For children with balanced binocular vision and alternate gaze, surgery should be performed in a timely manner, and for children with amblyopia, surgery should be performed after amblyopia treatment. Perceptual exotropia is a type of strabismus that occurs due to the presence of a sensory defect that causes low vision in one eye and impairs fusion function. The visual acuity of one eye is usually below 0.1 and the gaze function is lost. The angle of exotropia is relatively large and can be combined with other types of strabismus at the same time. Treatment】Since it is basically impossible for children to develop binocular monocularity after such exotropia occurs, the operation time can be delayed appropriately (but children’s mental health factors should be considered). Continuous exotropia refers to the exotropia that occurs spontaneously or after surgery for internal strabismus. It is related to the insufficient fusion function of both eyes. Treatment】Surgical treatment is generally chosen for those with a more severe degree of exotropia. If the exotropia is small, you can choose to wear a pressed and taped trigeminal lens, but you should review it regularly to observe the degree of strabismus. There are two types of congenital articular nerve palsy: complete palsy and incomplete palsy, and the performance is somewhat different. The main manifestations are ptosis of the affected eye (incomplete palsy may not have ptosis), large angle exotropia, limited internal rotation, and amblyopia of the affected eye (some may not have amblyopia). Treatment】The main treatment for this type of exotropia is surgery, but the surgery can be delayed appropriately (but the child’s mental health factor should be considered). Some children with Duane’s retrobulbar syndrome have exotropia, mostly congenital. It is generally thought to be caused by abnormal myofascial development or by abnormal innervation. The eye is limited in internal rotation, with the eyeball receding and the lid fissure narrowing in internal rotation; in external rotation, the lid fissure opens up and the eye can turn sharply up or down. Some children have a compensatory head position with the face turned to the affected side. Treatment】Correct refractive error, and treat amblyopia first if there is amblyopia. Some patients may opt for surgery. In principle, surgery is not necessary if the eye position is orthotropic when gazing to the front, but surgery is considered if the strabismus is obvious and the compensatory head position is obvious. With the rapid development of China’s social economy and culture, parents and friends are increasingly concerned about their children’s health, and exotropia is a disease that is more harmful to children’s eye health, involving not only simple ophthalmology such as visual acuity and advanced visual function, but also more complex aspects such as children’s mental health and personality building.