(a) Early postoperative diet for colorectal cancer: parenteral nutrition support + fluid diet or oral enteral nutrition preparation 1. The clinician will focus on parenteral nutrition in terms of nutritional supply, and gradually transition the dietary structure to fluid diet or enteral nutrition preparation to ensure the nutritional needs of the body. 2.Meal properties: fluid state, usually rice soup (not used if combined with diabetes), enteral nutrition preparation (diabetic patients can choose diabetic special enteral nutrition preparation, such as Yilijia SR), gradually transition to meat porridge soup (take no dregs soup), pork ribs porridge soup (take no dregs soup), diluted lotus root powder, vegetable juice, etc. 3, meal requirements: gradually increase the intake, a small number of meals, to avoid causing gastrointestinal dysfunction. 4, avoid (less) meals: before the intestinal function is restored after intestinal surgery, gas-producing foods should be avoided: such as milk, soy milk, cow’s milk. All non-fluid solid foods, foods containing more dietary fiber and foods that are too greasy and thick should not be used. (2) Mid-term postoperative diet for colorectal cancer: semi-liquid diet + oral enteral nutrition supplement 1. 2. Meal properties: semi-fluid, easy to chew and swallow, containing less dietary fiber and easy to digest and absorb. 3. Meal requirements: semi-fluid meals contain more water, so the number of meals should be increased, and attention should be paid to the diversity of meal varieties. . 4. Avoid (less) meals: At this time, hard and undigestible foods such as rice, steamed dumplings, large pieces of meat, large pieces of vegetables, fried pastry, nuts and fried foods should not be consumed; strong and stimulating condiments should not be used. (3) Postoperative and discharge diet for colorectal cancer: general diet + oral enteral nutrition supplement 1. Energy and various nutrients must be adequately supplied, and the dietary structure should conform to the principle of balanced diet. The food varieties in the diet should be diversified, coarse and fine, cooked in a reasonable way, with full color and flavor, and the diet can be made of rice, noodles, flour, lean pork, beef, chicken, fish, shrimp, etc. The vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber can be supplemented with various vegetables, fruits and nuts to ensure the balanced intake of nutrients. 2, meal distribution requirements: the distribution of energy in three meals, breakfast 25%-30%, lunch 40%, dinner 30%-35%. If the intake is insufficient, add meals between three meals or use enteral nutrition preparation to supplement. 3. Avoid (less) using meals: chili, garlic, mustard, excessively hard food (walnuts, raw peanuts, dried almonds, etc.) food, especially patients with intestinal stoma should pay attention to eat less or no food. (4) Postoperative diarrhea diet for colorectal cancer 1.Acute diarrhea period: fasting, resting intestines, supplementing body’s nutritional needs through parenteral nutrition and preventing electrolyte imbalance. After the diarrhea is relieved, it should be gradually given as liquid (avoid milk and sweet food), semi-liquid, soft food and general diet. 2, chronic diarrhea: should be given low-fat diet + oral enteral nutrition preparations to supplement. If the intestinal function is poorly tolerated, parenteral nutrition should be supplemented if necessary, and gradually given liquid (avoid milk and sweet food), semi-liquid, soft food and general diet. 3, diarrhea people forbidden to eat: food containing high fat (milk, fatty meat containing high fat, etc.), fried and thick condiments, nuts (walnuts, raw peanuts, dried almonds, etc.) and high-fiber vegetables (spinach, kimchi, etc.). 4.Food should be chosen: refined rice, refined noodles, lean pork and other low-fiber, low-fat, lactose-free meals mainly cooked or steamed. (E) Postoperative constipation diet for colorectal cancer 1.Dietary structure: the same as normal diet. Energy and various nutrients must be adequately supplied, and the dietary structure should be based on the principle of balanced diet, with appropriate increase of dietary fiber. Dietary fiber: It can improve intestinal flora, maintain the ecological balance in the body, and facilitate the synthesis of certain vitamins. It includes soluble dietary fiber (pectin, gum, algal polysaccharides, some hemicellulose), insoluble dietary fiber (cellulose, lignin, some hemicellulose). Dietary fiber is mainly from plant foods, too much and too little intake of dietary fiber are not healthy, large doses of dietary fiber can cause bloating, generally recommended that the appropriate intake of 25-35g / day: that is, 400 – 500g of fruits and vegetables per day and the right amount of coarse grains. Such as cereals, beans bran, bean bark contains a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin; oats and barley contain a large amount of dietary fiber; lemon, citrus, apple, pineapple, bananas and other fruits and cabbage, peas, fava beans and other fruits and vegetables contain more pectin. Others such as fresh lychee, enoki mushrooms, spinach, dried shiitake mushrooms, dried fungus, kelp, etc. also contain more dietary fiber. 3, different constipation dietary options: (1) constipation caused by slow intestinal peristalsis: can increase the amount of dietary fiber in the diet, replace fine food with coarse food, eat more vegetables and fruits with skin, such as oats, barley, cooked rice + brown rice, cabbage, peas, fava beans, golden needle nun, apples with skin, bananas, etc. (2) Gastrointestinal diseases, constipation caused by the use of laxatives for too long: should be less crumb diet, to be soft, smooth, low-fiber diet to reduce intestinal irritation: such as eggs, cakes, buns, tender meat, fish, milk, cream, etc., forbidden to eat vegetables and fruits with more dietary fiber. (3) Constipation caused by incomplete or complete intestinal obstruction due to mechanical or paralytic intestinal obstruction or tumor compression of the intestine: mainly clinical removal of the cause: incomplete obstruction should be given a liquid diet, and complete intestinal obstruction should be fasted according to medical advice.