First of all, it is important to understand what sperm deformity rate is. It is the percentage of abnormal sperm (including head, neck, trunk and tail) calculated by the examiner after the sperm have been specially stained to reveal the head, torso and tail, and compared with the standard normal sperm profile. Generally, 10 microscopic fields with a total of 200 or more are counted. abnormal spermatozoa classified by WHO are classified as head abnormal defects, neck, interrupted and tail abnormalities, cytoplasmic vesicles abnormalities, etc. The 4th edition WHO workbook normal morphology should be at least 15%; in the 5th edition WHO workbook, normal morphology is at least 4% (with differences in diagnostic criteria). However, the 5th edition of the textbook does not contain normal data for Asians, so most fertility centers still refer to the 4th edition criteria. So what can cause sperm malformations? On the one hand, due to the large number of sperm produced by the testicular “spermatogenesis” factory, it is understandable that there are some inferior products (malformed sperm), on the other hand, the complex process of sperm production itself makes it very sensitive to the stimulation of external environmental factors, and its ability to adapt is relatively poor, which makes many sperm change during the production and maturation process, resulting in sperm malformation. This is precisely the more important point, this insensitivity of sperm to external stimuli is a “double-edged sword”, the advantage is to make the genetic material more stable, maintaining the continuity of the human male genes, the disadvantage is more sluggish, a little bit of adverse stimuli such as The disadvantage is that it is sluggish, and the slightest adverse stimulus such as smoking, alcoholism, radiation, etc. can lead to adverse changes. Based on this, many causes of sperm malformation include the following: a. Genitourinary infection: such as chlamydial infection, bacterial infection resulting in urethritis, epididymitis, prostatitis, etc., can lead to impairment of sperm production and maturation process, which can affect the secretion of many cytokines in the spermatogenic microenvironment, leading to sperm malformation and thus male infertility. Second, anatomical structure abnormalities: common is varicocele, especially severe varicocele, resulting in increased local temperature of the testes, ischemia and stagnation of oxygen leading to the accumulation of metabolic active products, lipid peroxidation, resulting in the production of excessive malformed sperm. Third, the impact of poor lifestyle and environment: the fact that the quality of male sperm shows a declining trend is a worldwide consensus. The effects of industrialization, increased competition and work pressure, smoking, haze, estrogenic substances such as environmental detergents, heavy metal pollution, ionizing radiation including the effects of computers, cell phones, wireless networks, etc., reduced or lack of exercise, and excessive consumption of cola and colored beverages have all led to an increase in the rate of deformed sperm. Fourth, the impact of certain drugs: such as many glucocorticoids, anti-tumor drugs such as cyclophosphamide, cell metabolism drugs vincristine, etc., certain antibiotics, etc. can lead to an increase in the proportion of sperm deformities. Fifth, genetic factors: such as certain diseases cilia immobility syndrome, Y chromosome microdeletion, autosomal structure and number abnormalities, including translocation and inversion, etc. These patients can show a high rate of sperm aberrations along with weak sperm, few sperm or even no sperm. If you are diagnosed with high sperm malformation rate, how can you prevent and treat it? First of all, it is important to have a proper mindset and not to be intimidated by the sperm malformation rate. Pregnancy and childbirth is one of the greatest rights and happiness given by nature to human beings, “natural selection, superiority and inferiority”, as long as not 100% are sperm malformation, then there is the possibility of normal sperm conception, of course, the higher the rate of sperm malformation, the quality of successful conception and childbirth, theoretically speculated, may be more guaranteed. Next is general treatment, avoid smoking, drink less alcohol (it is best to quit drinking), stay away from radiation, stay away from all kinds of harmful chemicals, do not take sauna, do not wear tight underwear for a long time (taking sauna or wearing tight underwear for a long time will raise the local temperature and inhibit sperm production). Stay away from haze, do not inhale car exhaust, do not drink cola, do not drink too much colored drinks, etc., strengthen exercise, balanced diet, to do some of these, is to accumulate the basis for improving and treating teratozoospermia. Again, it is the etiological treatment and antioxidant and nutritional treatment. This includes doing high spermatic vein ligation surgery if necessary, controlling epididymitis, urethritis and prostatitis with antibiotics, etc. Take antioxidants such as vitamin C, folic acid and glutathione, and add nutritional substances such as coenzyme Q10 and arginine if necessary. Finally, assisted reproduction techniques can be considered. If the malformation rate is above 95% according to the fourth edition of WHO workbook, and if it has been reviewed several times and the treatment by many parties is not effective, and the female partner is too old, IVF can be considered to assist pregnancy. The single sperm injection technique, ICSI, enables the selection of a single relatively normal sperm for intracytoplasmic microinjection into the egg cell, leading to conception.