Paediatric eczema is caused by a number of factors, both external and genetic.
Extrinsic factors include the environment, humid climate and sun exposure; everyday household items such as chemical fibres, woollen fabrics and chemicals.
Genetic factors are also associated with the development of paediatric eczema.
Pediatric skin is usually thin, with abnormalities in its stratum corneum structure, reduced water content in the skin and reduced sebum content, resulting in reduced skin protection and susceptibility to external stimuli that can lead to eczema.