Waste products are produced every day during the body’s metabolic process and are excreted in the urine to maintain the stability of the internal environment. In renal insufficiency, especially in uremia, the ability of the kidneys to excrete potassium is reduced, so the blood potassium level can rise significantly, which can be life-threatening. Potassium ions are easily soluble in water and are commonly found in all types of food, so it is important to limit the amount of potassium consumed. To prevent excessive intake of potassium in the diet of patients with renal insufficiency, it is important to first understand which foods contain the most potassium and avoid them as much as possible to control potassium intake from the source and reduce the burden on the kidneys. In order to reduce the intake of potassium, it is advisable to cut small slices of vegetables and scald them in boiling water, then stir-fry them in oil or cold mix them to reduce the intake of potassium. After the food is cooked, potassium will be lost in the soup, so do not drink the soup. The highest content of mushrooms and nori, mushrooms, beans, etc.; fruit juice is also high in content and consumed in large quantities, which can easily lead to hyperkalemia, therefore, fruit juice should be eaten sparingly. Low sodium salt is high in potassium and should be avoided by patients with hyperkalemia.