Cervical spondylosis is a common disease with multiple diseases, affecting a wide range of people, from 21-83 years old can be affected, with a prevalence rate of 64.52% or more. Generally speaking, cervical spondylosis is a common disease among middle-aged and elderly people, with a high incidence at the age of 40-60 and a prevalence rate of 90% after the age of 70. However, recent studies have shown that the prevalence of cervical spondylosis is trending younger. Although traditional cervical spine surgery has good clinical efficacy, it also has some postoperative complications.
With the advancement of basic research on cervical spondylosis, diagnostic imaging technology and minimally invasive surgery technology, the minimally invasive treatment aspect of cervical spondylosis has been rapidly developed in the past 10 years or so.
A. The current scope of cervical microspine surgery techniques includes
1, percutaneous puncture spine surgery techniques: percutaneous puncture or tiny incision, the use of special instruments and devices, the implementation of minimally invasive spine surgery.
2, spinal microsurgery techniques: the use of the operating microscope or high magnification. Enlarge the surgical field of view for surgical operations.
3, endoscopic-assisted spine surgery techniques: through several skin channels or tiny incisions to the station spine, the use of optical fiber imaging technology under direct vision for surgical operations.
Second, the common cervical microspine surgery procedure features
1, percutaneous puncture spine surgery techniques common techniques are divided into.
(1) cervical intervertebral disc percutaneous excision and suction: suitable for early cervical spondylosis.
(2) percutaneous puncture laser vaporization cervical disc decompression: suitable for early cervical spondylosis, the indications and contraindications are still controversial.
(3) Percutaneous puncture cervical disc nucleoplasty: short clinical application time and limited case volume.
2.Microsurgical techniques of the spine: microscope-assisted anterior cervical spine surgery
Advantages.
(1) It does not excessively pursue “small incision minimally invasive”, but emphasizes “minimally invasive within the incision” and fine operation, thus reducing the complication rate. In essence, it is closer to open surgery and is a kind of “micro” open surgery.
(2) Improving the accuracy, effectiveness and safety of anterior cervical decompression surgery. The high clarity of the microscopic exposure enables the operator to identify the tiny tissues with great certainty, and the precision and delicacy of the operation are comparable to those of unconventional surgery.
(3) Expanding the scope of indications for anterior cervical decompression. The improvement in safety has made it possible to include cases in which posterior cervical surgery was considered more difficult and dangerous to perform anterior decompression.
Disadvantage: the surgical incision is slightly larger than that of endoscopic-assisted cervical spine surgery.
3, endoscopic-assisted spine surgery techniques: cervical disc endoscopic surgery (MED )
Compared with open surgery, the advantages of surgery for cervical spondylosis and cervical disc herniation assisted by discoscopy system are less trauma, better safety, simpler operation, no damage to the cervical bone structure, less influence on the stability of the anterior and posterior columns of the cervical spine, and no influence on the second open surgery. The postoperative neck scar is small.
Disadvantages: narrower indications than microscope-assisted cervical spine surgery; limited microscopic magnification; more complicated operation than microscope-assisted cervical spine surgery.