Ultrasound bronchoscopy requires only a short hospital stay, usually less than 3 days. On the first day of hospitalization, preoperative examination is completed, including routine blood, biochemistry, coagulation function and electrocardiogram. On the next day of hospitalization (surgery day), under general anesthesia, after laryngeal mask or tracheal intubation, ultrasonic bronchoscope is inserted through the mouth and enters the airway behind the voice box to examine the trachea, main bronchus, lobar bronchus and segmental bronchial lumen under direct vision. Ultrasound detection was then turned on at the site where preoperative CT suggested the presence of enlarged lymph nodes, and puncture biopsy was performed after locating the target lymph nodes outside the airway. The biopsy specimens were sent to the exfoliative cell unit and the pathology department for examination, respectively. On the 3rd day of hospitalization (the first postoperative day), the patient is discharged from the hospital. Note: 1. Please try to complete the chest enhancement CT examination at the local hospital before hospitalization to clarify the mediastinal lymph nodes; 2. The cytology smear and pathology test report (expedited) are usually issued after 1 working day; 3. Early postoperative period, there may be symptoms of sputum and blood, which is caused by a small amount of blood leakage from the needle hole after puncture, and no special treatment is needed.