The spleen is an important immune response organ of the body and plays an important role in anti-infection immunity. Splenic rupture is divided into trauma-induced splenic rupture (called traumatic splenic rupture) and spontaneous splenic rupture (called idiopathic splenic rupture). Traumatic splenic rupture is caused by abdominal injury. Spontaneous splenic rupture is due to disease of the spleen itself (e.g., splenic tumor, splenic hemangioma, schistosomiasis, etc.), which makes the spleen more prone to rupture because it becomes brittle. Splenic rupture accounts for the highest number of abdominal injury organ ruptures. Splenic rupture varies in severity and is clinically classified as grade 1, 2, 3, or 4. Grade 1 or 2 splenic rupture is mild, with a subperitoneal rupture or shallow rupture of the spleen and little bleeding; grade 3 or 4 splenic rupture is severe, with a deep rupture or rupture of the blood vessels in the splenic hilum and much bleeding. The risk of splenic rupture is hemorrhage, hemorrhagic shock, and even death. The treatment principle of splenic rupture is “save life first, preserve the spleen second”. It can be summarized as “save life first, save spleen later”. For grade 1 and 2 splenic rupture, if the blood pressure and pulse rate are stable, the red blood cells and hemoglobin are basically normal, the ultrasound and CT show that the spleen is basically normal, and there is not much bleeding in the abdominal cavity, conservative treatment with hemostasis, blood transfusion and anti-inflammatory measures can be taken, and the spleen can be preserved in general. Second, for grade 3 or 4 splenic rupture, with decreased blood pressure, hemorrhagic shock, abnormal blood tests, ultrasound and CT showing heavy splenic rupture, and high intra-abdominal bleeding, emergency interventional splenic vascular embolization (gelatin sponge pellets) can be performed first, provided adequate surgical preparation is made. If bleeding continues, splenectomy should be performed immediately. Therefore, the indications for splenectomy are: (1) severe grade 3 or 4 splenic rupture, splenic comminuted injury or splenic hilum rupture; (2) patients with life-threatening compound or open injuries that require surgery as soon as possible; (3) patients with significant abdominal contamination due to combined rupture of cavity organs such as the gastrointestinal tract; (4) pathological (presence of lesions) splenic rupture; (5) patients who continue to bleed after various splenic preservation measures or interventions have been tried. patients. (6) Patients with delayed splenic rupture (secondary rupture, usually about 7-10 days after injury). The most dangerous complication of splenectomy is “aggressive post-splenectomy infection” caused by a decrease in the body’s immune function against infection. Since the immune function of the spleen in adults is largely shared and replaced by the liver, bone marrow, lymph nodes and other organs, the impact of splenectomy on the body’s immune function is not significant, and the incidence of post-splenectomy fatal infections is not high. In contrast, the incidence is higher in children under 10 years of age, so autologous splenic tissue transplantation should be performed along with splenectomy for pediatric splenic rupture. In adults, splenic transplantation may or may not be performed.