How can the eye orbit get tumor? We are familiar with the eye as the window to the soul, but the term orbit is very unfamiliar to us. In a narrow sense, we are talking about the orbital wall of the eye. These two orbits are actually a cavity composed of many bony walls; what does this cavity do? If the eye is traumatized, it is like an athlete jumping from a pole vault onto a soft cushion, which plays a protective role. All tumors in the orbit are called orbital tumors, that is to say, in addition to the tumors on the eye, including the tumors between the back of the eye and the orbital bone wall, which contain muscles, nerves, fat and so on, all tumors can occur. Why do orbital tumors occur? There are various reasons for orbital tumors, some are congenital, some are immune abnormalities, there are genetic factors, and more often a genetic variation, so the reasons are quite complicated. What are the orbital tumors? Orbital tumors can be divided into two categories, one is benign and the other is malignant. 1. Benign tumor: It is just a swelling growth, from small to large. In the process of expansion, if a tumor grows behind the eye, if it is a benign tumor, if it is large in size, it will compress the surrounding nerves, blood vessels and muscles, and if it compresses our optic nerve, then the patient may go blind. This is a benign lesion, the common ones are cavernous hemangioma, nerve sheath tumor, lacrimal gland pleomorphic adenoma, etc. 2. Malignant tumors: Malignant tumors can grow around, for example, to the surrounding orifices and deep orbits; they can even grow into the brain, or even grow along the blood flow, which can directly endanger life. Common orbital malignancies include lymphoma and pleomorphic adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal gland in adults and rhabdomyosarcoma in children. What are the sensations and manifestations of patients with orbital tumors? Orbital tumors usually do not cause any abnormal sensation at the beginning, but only when the tumor has developed to a certain extent. In some cases, if patients feel painful swelling of the eyes, or even dizziness or headache, or if they find some swelling of the eyes, mild protrusion of the eyeballs, or blurred vision or double vision, they should pay attention to it and go to the hospital for investigation. Sometimes, for example, when older people feel that their vision is declining, they may think it is cataract or something and do not go to the hospital in time, and if young people have bad vision, sometimes they think I am working hard and tired, so it is easy to ignore these symptoms. Early typical symptoms of orbital tumor: 1. appearance: protruding eyeball; 2. sensation: eye swelling, headache and dizziness; 3. vision: double vision or blurring; 4. self-examination: touching the lump. How can doctors determine that a patient has orbital tumor? Sometimes when an orbital tumor is in the early stage, it does not grow very big, it does not press on the eye or the optic nerve, maybe the symptoms of protrusion of the eye are not very obvious, and the loss of vision is not very obvious, it is rather hidden. If the tumor grows slowly and presses on the eye, the eye is deformed, which may cause edema of the fundus and distortion of vision, or press on the optic nerve, the vision should be reduced. We can do orbital ultrasound, MRI and CT examination to determine the presence or absence of orbital tumor through these imaging examinations. How can patients detect orbital tumors themselves? If there are early signs of orbital tumor, extra attention should be paid. In addition, there is a small reminder for healthy people, we can do some self-examinations in our spare time, for example, put the index fingers of both hands in the middle of our eyes, and then gently press our eyeballs to see if the sensation of the two fingers is the same. If there is a problem, there will be a resistance when we push on the eyeball, we call it orbital pressure increase, this is a simple method; there is also the possibility of gently checking around the orbit, of course, not with great force, but gently to check, and look at the mirror with both eyes. What other diseases look like orbital tumors? We already know that orbital tumors most often present with protrusion of the eye. Of course, there are many diseases other than orbital tumors that also present with protrusion of the eye, such as hyperthyroidism, inflammatory pseudotumor of the orbit, lacrimal glanditis, and other inflammatory diseases of the orbit; in addition, there are parasitic and bacterial infections of the orbit, and sometimes there are vascular mutations of the orbit, which also present with protrusion of the eye. However, the imaging tests mentioned earlier can determine whether it is a tumor or some other problem. What are the treatment methods for orbital tumors? Once an orbital tumor is found, it should be surgically removed, but we do not make a generalization. There are some orbital tumors that do not need to be operated on urgently. For example, if a tumor grows in a toddler, the child is too young and in poor physical condition to need surgery in time, of course, we mean benign tumors; there are also deep orbital tumors, which are closely connected with nerves and blood vessels, and we initially judge that they are benign, then surgery can also be avoided in time. For some tumors, especially malignant orbital tumors, follow-up radiotherapy or chemotherapy is required after surgery to further kill tumor cells. How to choose an appropriate treatment for orbital tumor patients? Generally, when orbital tumors are found, surgery should be done as soon as possible, and it is very important to do so when the systemic condition allows. Another very important point is that if you have an orbital tumor, you should go to a regular hospital that is capable of performing orbital surgery, so as to ensure the quality of the surgery. Some people describe orbital surgery as being like saving a person in a dense high-voltage electric wire fence. We want to achieve a double surgical result that satisfies the patient and us, that is, the tumor can be removed completely without recurrence. The second is to ensure vascular, nerve, muscle, and bone damage, in addition to not leaving significant scars, which is a criterion for a successful surgery. Complications must also be reduced. Our surgeons can choose different routes of surgery to go in according to the different locations of the tumor. If we sew very carefully, the scar can be hidden and almost invisible after a long time after surgery, so that the cosmetic effect can be achieved. At the same time, it can ensure enough space for complete removal of the tumor.