Clinical symptoms caused by trauma or age-related degeneration of the cervical spine, intervertebral discs and ligaments, and the development of cervical spinal stenosis, are called cervical spondylosis. The cervical spine is located between the thoracic spine, which lacks activity, and the head, which is heavier, and has to support the head to keep it in balance, so it is easy to suffer from strain. As a result of long-term strain on the neck, degenerative changes gradually occur in the intervertebral disc tissues, as well as in the bones and joints, affecting the nearby nerves, spinal cord and vertebral arteries and causing various clinical symptoms. Cervical spine degeneration and cervical spondylosis are not simply equated clinically, because some people with severe cervical spine degeneration are asymptomatic or have only mild symptoms. Therefore, the diagnosis of cervical spondylosis must be based on imaging changes and the etiology and causative factors of clinical symptoms. Common causes of cervical spondylosis: 1. Degenerative changes of the cervical spine. The first is degeneration of the intervertebral disc, followed by degeneration of the edge of the disc, including fibrosis, calcification or ossification of the ligament; formation of bone spurs at the posterior edge of the vertebral body is also an important factor in the pathogenesis. It causes narrowing of the joint space and hyperplasia of the small joints, which in turn stimulates the nerve roots to develop clinical symptoms. Degeneration in the cervical spine also includes degeneration of the ligamentum flavum, the hook joint, the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments, the collar ligament and the cervical muscles. 2.Chronic strain injury. Injuries caused by long-term activities beyond the normal physiological range. Common chronic strain factors are: (1) poor sleep posture, mainly the pillow is too high, so that uneven pressure within the intervertebral disc, but also the cervical muscle and joint balance disorders. (2) poor work posture and bad habits, such as prolonged low work to increase the pressure of the intervertebral discs, prolonged watching TV, playing video games, playing mahjong, playing cards, etc., will cause the cervical spine overflexion, so that the posterior cervical muscle ligament strain. 3.Trauma to the head and neck. Vertical violence causes compression fractures in the cervical spine, increased pressure on the damaged disc, accelerating cervical degeneration, and sometimes violence can directly cause cervical disc herniation. 4.Other. Such as cervical inflammation, cervical spinal canal congenital stenosis, congenital malformation, etc. can prompt the appearance of symptoms. Clinical typing: 1. Cervical cervical spondylosis. Mostly in young adults, with a history of long-term ambulatory work. The main complaint is discomfort such as soreness, pain and swelling at the back of the neck, some patients have limited neck movement, a few have numbness in the fingers, and the physiological bending is seen to disappear on X-ray, and there may be mild degeneration. The prevalence in white-collar and blue-collar health check-ups accounts for 60%-70%. 2.Nerve root type cervical spondylosis. Nerve root pain is the most common symptom, there can also be limb or finger numbness, allergy, sensory impairment, etc. On X-ray there is narrowing of the gap, bone spur formation at the anterior and posterior edges of the vertebral body, ossification of the collar ligament, etc. It is mostly seen in middle-aged and elderly people. 3. Vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis. Vertigo can be rotational, active or swaying, and the lower limbs can feel weak and unstable, and headache and visual impairment, abnormal facial sensation, and numbness of the oral cavity and tongue can also occur. 4. Sympathetic cervical spondylosis. It is caused by the stimulation of sympathetic nerve fibers around the cervical spinal nerve roots, spinal membrane and joint capsule. Clinical manifestations include dizziness, dull head, migraine, visual modalities, facial flushing, swelling of limbs, chills or sweating disorders, and sometimes vertigo and cardiac arrhythmia. 5. Spinal cord type cervical spondylosis. Patients can start with unilateral or bilateral lower limbs sinking and numbness, followed by difficulty walking and stiffness in the neck. Sometimes the upper limbs are involved before the lower limbs, with numbness, pain and weakness in one or both upper limbs, and difficulty in moving the hands. The most obvious sign is increased muscle tone in the extremities, which can easily induce muscle spasms. The upper extremities show muscle weakness or atrophy with pathological reflexes, while the lower extremities are mainly muscle spasms with hyperreflexia, which can sometimes last for more than 10 years and generally require early surgical treatment.