Pelvic inflammatory disease, medically known as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), refers to a group of infectious diseases of the upper female reproductive tract, with tubal inflammation and tubo-ovarian inflammation being the most common. It occurs mostly in women who are sexually active and have menstruation. Pelvic inflammatory disease is one of the common gynecological diseases. Clinical symptoms and signs can be mild or severe, ranging from asymptomatic or lower abdominal pain and increased vaginal discharge in mild cases to fever or with digestive and urinary symptoms in severe cases. In acute inflammation, timely, effective and thorough antibiotic or surgical treatment can achieve a curative effect, but if the treatment is not standardized and prolonged, it often turns into chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, for which there is no effective treatment, but only symptomatic treatment for different clinical manifestations. The pelvic inflammatory disease is treated mainly with antibiotics and, if necessary, surgery. The treatment of antibiotics follows the principles of empirical, broad-spectrum, timely and individualized. The clinical selection of antibiotics based on drug sensitivity tests is more reasonable, but antibiotic therapy usually needs to be given before laboratory results are obtained (dosing within 48 hours is effective in reducing sequelae), therefore, initial treatment is often based on empirical selection of broad-spectrum antibiotics and combination drugs. Mild cases may be treated with oral or intramuscular antibiotics on an outpatient basis. In severe cases, comprehensive treatment based on intravenous antibiotic drip is given in hospital. If the tubo-ovarian abscess or pelvic abscess is not satisfactorily controlled by adequate antibiotic treatment, or if the abscess is suspected to rupture, it should be treated promptly by caesarean or laparoscopic surgery.