Value and application of 64-row spiral CT left atrial and pulmonary vein imaging in radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation Purpose: Linear ablation of circumferential pulmonary veins is a commonly used interventional technique for atrial fibrillation (AF) in recent years, which requires an accurate understanding of the true anatomy by the operator. 64-row spiral CT left atrial and pulmonary vein imaging can provide detailed preoperative and postoperative anatomical information. In this study, 64-row spiral CT left atrial and pulmonary vein imaging with morphological analysis was performed in a large sample of two groups of patients to guide atrial fibrillation ablation and to assess prognosis. METHODS: 64-row spiral CT imaging of the left atrium and pulmonary veins was performed in 232 patients (146 in the atrial fibrillation group and 86 in the control group) to compare the incidence of anatomical variations in the pulmonary veins in the atrial fibrillation and control groups, to measure the diameter and morphology of each pulmonary vein opening, and to observe the size of the left atrium and the morphology of the left atrial auricle. RESULTS: 64-row spiral CT imaging of the left atrium and pulmonary veins can provide detailed information on the way the left atrium connects to the pulmonary veins and pulmonary vein anatomical variants, which accounted for 16.8% of the total sample size in this study. The pulmonary vein openings in all groups were oval in shape with upper and lower diameters greater than the anterior and posterior diameters. The diameter of the pulmonary vein opening and the inner diameter of the left atrium were significantly different in the atrial fibrillation group and the control group. Conclusion: 64-row spiral CT imaging of the left atrium and pulmonary veins is not only an effective method to understand the anatomical variation of pulmonary veins and left atrium before linear ablation of circumferential pulmonary veins, but also the results of various morphological analyses derived from this study can further evaluate atrial function and risk, which is an important guideline for interventional treatment.