The results of the longitudinal study showed that men with higher cardiorespiratory fitness had a lower risk of developing abnormal blood lipid and lipoprotein levels at a younger age than those with lower cardiorespiratory fitness. The researchers suggest that this finding may imply that improving cardiorespiratory fitness may delay the development of dyslipidemia. The researchers evaluated the status of 11,418 male subjects (from the Aerobic Exercise Center Longitudinal Study, between the ages of 20 and 90 years) at baseline and at follow-up, with no known elevated cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, cardiovascular disease, or cancer. Subjects had 2 to 25 (mean 3.5) health examinations from 1970 to 2006. The investigators assessed the longitudinal trajectories of blood lipids and lipoproteins in the subjects during adulthood to clarify whether cardiorespiratory fitness levels could alter the trajectories of blood lipids and lipoproteins with age. Cardiorespiratory fitness was quantified by a maximal plate exercise test, and subjects were divided into 3 age-standardized groups based on their quantitative levels: low, moderate, and high. Endpoints included total cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride & non-HDL levels. Yong-Moon Mark Park (Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, South Carolina State University, South Carolina, USA) and others said that higher baseline cardiorespiratory fitness levels were associated with lower total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, non-HDL, triglyceride/HDL ratios, and total cholesterol/HDL ratio with a lower LDL/HDL ratio and higher HDL. Compared with those with higher cardiorespiratory fitness, those with lower cardiorespiratory fitness had higher BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage, fasting blood glucose levels, and systolic/diastolic blood pressure, and diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and physical activity (P<.0001< span="">) with a history of parental cardiovascular disease (P=.0175) were more common in this group of subjects. By modeling age-related trajectories for total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, and non-HDL, the investigators found that all indicator trajectories showed a U-shaped trend, that is, they rose to a maximum at a given age and then declined substantially (P<.0001< span="">). They found that compared with men with higher cardiorespiratory fitness, those with lower cardiorespiratory fitness were more likely to have abnormalities of total cholesterol (≥200 mg/dL), LDL (≥130 mg/dL), non-HDL (≥160 mg/dL), and triglyceride/HDL ratios (≥3) at a younger age, and that they developed the abnormalities 15 years earlier than those with higher cardiorespiratory fitness. Cardiorespiratory fitness was more clearly associated with trajectories of lipid and lipoprotein changes in younger and middle-aged men than in older men. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness clearly contributes to the maintenance of optimal lipid and lipoprotein profiles, especially in young and middle-aged men. Thus, improving cardiorespiratory fitness may delay the onset of dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. In a related editorial, Usman Baber and Paolo Boffetta (both from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai) stated that the prevalence of diabetes and average BMI in the study subjects were lower than in typical patients requiring exercise prescriptions, but that the former were more physically active than the latter, and that therefore, the benefits of cardiorespiratory fitness in terms of lipoprotein levels in this low-risk group may translate into greater benefits in high-risk patients. greater benefit. They write, “Now that we have realized that higher cardiorespiratory fitness provides health benefits, this calls for physicians and policymakers to increase public awareness of the health benefits of exercise, increase the time investment in directing patients to participate in exercise, recalibrate patient perceptions of exercise prescription through objective measurements, and increase the importance of physical education in schools. “