Diabetes treatment includes diabetes health education, diabetes diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, and glucose-lowering medications.
Patients with fasting blood glucose of 19 mmol/l are advised to visit the hospital to improve urine routine, electrolytes, islet function and diabetic complications. Firstly, we need to strengthen the patient’s diabetes education, control the diet, not to consume sugary foods and drinks, fruits also need to be restricted, the main food is 2 taels per meal, for porridge, lumpy soup, rotten noodles and other foods that can easily raise blood glucose are not eaten as much as possible, it is recommended that the patient increase the amount of exercise within the scope of his condition; secondly, insulin therapy is needed, insulin pump or intensive treatment program (i.e. basal insulin + preprandial insulin) is recommended. Since hypokalemia easily occurs when blood glucose is too high, it is necessary to check electrolytes when using insulin to prevent further aggravation of hypokalemia; in addition, it is necessary to monitor blood glucose (including fasting blood glucose and blood glucose 2 hours after three meals) using a blood glucose meter, and adjust insulin dose according to blood glucose results; for patients with insulin resistance and who also have indications for metformin, metformin can be added. In the process of lowering blood glucose, the insulin dose is gradually increased according to the results of monitoring blood glucose, while preventing the occurrence of hypoglycemia.