Physical examination of the skin to check for erythema

  The appearance of the skin is observed, and the skin is normal if it is not damaged and shiny. If the skin is suspected to be allergic to a certain allergen, it is necessary to do a specific skin scratch test, which is usually done by disinfecting the skin on the outside of the upper arm or the back and then using a needle tip to scratch a 0.5-1 cm long strip on the skin, so as not to bleed, and then putting a drop of the test substance on it and rubbing it lightly. When multiple allergens are used for the test at the same time, there should be a distance of 4-5cm between the scratches, and the results should be observed 20 minutes after the test, and the test substance should be wiped away and washed. Reaction criteria are as follows: Normal: negative (-) ±, suspicious, edematous erythema or wind mass less than O.5 cm in diameter +, weak positive, wind mass with redness, diameter equal to 0.5 cm ++, medium positive, wind mass with obvious redness, diameter O.5-1.0 cm, no pseudopod +++, strong positive, wind mass with significant redness and pseudopod, diameter greater than 1 cm.