Who is suitable for minimally invasive vitrectomy? The following patients are suitable for minimally invasive vitrectomy: (1) vitreous clouding with significant visual impact; (2) non-resorbable vitreous blood accumulation; (3) anterior retina; (4) macular anterior membrane; (5) macular fissure; (6) vitreous tissue biopsy; (7) retinal detachment of hole origin without proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR); (8) those who need retinal vascular sheathing; (9) those who need retinal vascular sheathing (9) those requiring residual lens cortex removal; (10) vitreous macular traction syndrome; (12) tractional retinal detachment; (13) endophthalmitis. The main shortcomings of minimally invasive vitrectomy and the problems that remain to be solved The main shortcomings of minimally invasive vitrectomy are: (1) the flow rate in cutting thick accumulated blood and proliferating film is slower than that of the 20G system, and the head of vitrectomy is prone to blockage; (2) the efficiency of intraocular operation is not as high as that of traditional vitrectomy, and it is more difficult to perform complex intraocular operations; (3) some supporting instruments are not perfect, so (4) Some cases have incision leakage after surgery, mostly in patients with high myopia who have thin scleral walls or scleral scar in the second surgery, and the incision in these patients is not easy to close by itself, so minimally invasive vitrectomy should be done with caution. The newly emerged 23G vitrectomy combines the advantages of 20G vitrectomy and 25G vitrectomy. Its surgical principle is similar to 25G, and the incision is about 0.6mm between 20G and 25G, with short operation time, less wound bleeding, quick recovery, less complications, and almost no postoperative inflammatory reaction, and patients feel less foreign body and pain. Theoretically, due to the small incision, 23G biosurgery basically does not need to be sutured. In terms of indications, 23G biosurgery can treat almost all the conditions that can be treated with 20G biosurgery, such as vitreous opacities that affect vision significantly, vitreous blood accumulation that cannot be absorbed, and retinal detachment that is traction. We decide to choose 20G or 23G vitrectomy according to the characteristics of the patient’s lesion, not just choosing minimally invasive and affecting the long-term outcome of the patient.