Hemorrhoids Hemorrhoids are pathological enlargement of the anal cushion and are divided into internal and external hemorrhoids. The symptoms of external hemorrhoids are mainly painful and itchy. Internal hemorrhoids are mainly bleeding and prolapsing after a bowel movement. Internal hemorrhoids are further divided into four stages according to their severity: stage I if there is only blood in the stool; stage II if there is prolapse after a bowel movement with or without bleeding but can be retracted on its own; stage III if the prolapse is so severe that it must be pushed back into the anus by hand; and the most serious stage IV if the hemorrhoid usually prolapses outside the anus and cannot be retracted into the anus. Generally speaking, stage I and II hemorrhoids are mainly treated conservatively, while stage III and IV hemorrhoids often require surgery. Don’t take colon cancer as hemorrhoids 29-year-old Bai has been in good health, but in February last year, he started to have blood in his stool and thin stool, and did not improve after 1 month, he thought it was hemorrhoids or enteritis, and bought his own medicine for treatment, but after 5 months, Bai’s condition became more and more serious, so his family sent him to the hospital’s Department of Proctology for examination. It was found that Bai was in the advanced stage of rectal cancer. Although the hospital quickly operated on him, Bai died nine months later due to the delay. According to the survey of the Chinese Society of Proctology, the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing year by year, generally occurring in people over 50 years old, but now the youngest patient is only 24 years old. Due to the lack of awareness of prevention, the majority of patients visiting hospitals are now in advanced stages. Since young people have strong immune system, the disease is serious if it does not develop, but once it does, the course of the disease is fast and the treatment outcome is not good, and the 5-year survival rate after surgery is less than 30%. Because many symptoms of colorectal cancer are similar to hemorrhoids in the early stage, and young patients lack common knowledge of tumor, they are misled by “nine out of ten hemorrhoids”, and blood in stool is often considered as hemorrhoids, thus delaying the disease. Among the patients with rectal cancer admitted to cancer hospitals, about 60% of them have been misdiagnosed as hemorrhoids, and the misdiagnosis time is as short as 3 months or as long as 1 year. If you have blood in the stool or unexplained abdominal pain, weight loss, weakness, anemia and other symptoms, you should immediately go to the hospital anorectal specialist. The most important symptoms of hemorrhoids are blood in the stool and prolapse, repeated bleeding during stool, which causes anemia. It usually develops slowly and can be asymptomatic or mild in the early stages. When the anemia is more severe or progresses faster, pallor, lethargy, loss of appetite, palpitations, increased heart rate and shortness of breath after physical activity, swelling, etc. Some patients can develop neurological symptoms such as agitation, excitement, irritability, etc. All of these symptoms can disappear by correcting the anemia and treating the hemorrhoids. Another major symptom of hemorrhoids is internal hemorrhoids that are prolapsed outside the anus: (1) Necrosis: The nucleus of the hemorrhoid is embedded outside the anus and is not returned to the anus in time causing necrosis. (2) Infection: After the hemorrhoid nucleus is embedded, there are different degrees of infection, and the patient has symptoms such as urgency, anal swelling, etc. The spread of infection can easily cause submucosal, perianal or sciatic-rectal fossa abscess, and if the dislodged bacterial embolus travels up the vein, coupled with improper use of antibiotics or not using any antibacterial drugs, it can form portal vein bacteremia or even sepsis, or liver abscess. Fatal portal vein sepsis associated with embedded hemorrhoids has been reported abroad.