First, the overall efficacy of thyroid cancer: More than 90% of thyroid cancer is differentiated type, including papillary carcinoma (more than 85%) and follicular carcinoma, which have very good treatment effect among all malignant tumors, especially the former with a 30-year survival rate of more than 92% and the latter with more than 80%. However, the treatment effect is very poor for hypodifferentiated, undifferentiated and squamous cell carcinomas, which account for less than 5% of all thyroid cancers. Other rare types are medullary carcinoma and thyroid lymphoma, which are also treated very well. Therefore, 90% of all thyroid cancer patients can survive for more than 30 years. Although 30% of them may suffer from recurrence and metastasis, only about 10% of all thyroid cancer patients eventually die from thyroid cancer. The most important treatment for differentiated thyroid cancer is surgery. The thoroughness of surgery is the most important prerequisite for the treatment effect, including the removal of primary lesions and metastatic lymph nodes, and the mainstream surgery is total bilateral thyroid excision and lymph node dissection in the central region (required for most patients); followed by iodine 131 treatment, which can remove some lesions that cannot be removed by surgery ( The third is TSH suppression therapy, which can control TSH below 0.5 (for patients with low risk of recurrence and metastasis) or 0.1 (for patients with moderate to high risk of recurrence and metastasis) by taking thyroxine preparations such as euthyroxine. Patients, patients with suspected or confirmed lesions in the body) can inhibit tumor growth and reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis. These three constitute a comprehensive treatment model for thyroid cancer. Some data show that standardized surgery can cure about 50% of patients, TSH suppression therapy can increase the absolute value of the cure rate by 20%, and iodine 131 therapy can increase the absolute value of the cure rate by another 20%, so as to ensure a 30-year survival rate of more than 90%. Several issues related to treatment: 1. Whether the initial treatment is standardized, thorough and comprehensive is very important to reduce the recurrence and metastasis and ensure the efficacy; 2. New methods such as targeted therapy may have some effect; 5. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy used for common tumors have poor efficacy on differentiated thyroid cancer and are not routinely used; 6. Chinese herbal medicine is not a necessary treatment for thyroid cancer and there is no scientific basis for its effect. Summary: For most of thyroid cancer, the best treatment is surgery + iodine 131 therapy + TSH suppression therapy.