Obesity has now become a social epidemic, not only affects personal image and quality of life, but also can cause many cardiovascular problems, is a social problem that needs urgent attention, so that obese people understand the danger caused by overweight, body fat accumulation, in order to effectively wake up obese friends concerned about their weight, should take effective measures to lose weight. Each of us has a certain proportion of body fat, which is involved in the construction of tissue cells, is one of the components of the synthesis of some factors, receptors, antibodies, involved in metabolism, storage of energy, has a protective effect on organs, tissues, but also to maintain a certain body shape to play a beneficial role. But there is a degree of everything, and excess is harmful, and fat is no exception. It was later found that fat also secretes many hormones and biological factors and is one of the secretory organs. Now it is further confirmed that fat is also related to non-specific inflammation in the body and participates in the occurrence and development of many non-specific inflammatory diseases. Inflammation is divided into bacterial inflammation and non-bacterial inflammation, and adipose tissue is associated with non-bacterial inflammation (that is, non-specific inflammation). How can we determine that adiposity is associated with a non-specific inflammatory response? The main inflammatory cells in human body are macrophages, and the inflammatory factors are C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor, platelet activating factor, angiotensinogen, complement C3, tissue factor, etc. Scientists have done many comparative experiments between obese and normal weight people and found that the above inflammatory response substances in the blood and tissues of obese people increase with their weight, while there is no change in normal weight people. Then after weight loss measures such as dieting, exercise or surgery, these inflammatory markers were measured again after weight loss and the levels of these markers were found to decrease significantly. During the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, the level of C-reactive protein can be detected with the change of the disease, indicating that the inflammatory response is involved in fat metabolism and plays a role in promoting the development of atherosclerosis, and that fat is associated with non-specific inflammatory response. Obesity is also related to insulin resistance: one of the mechanisms generated is the inflammatory response, obesity not only causes non-specific inflammation in local organ tissues, but also causes chronic non-specific inflammation in skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue throughout the body, and when various factors or kinases generated in the signaling process of the inflammatory response interfere with the receptor conduction process and sensitivity of insulin, insulin resistance occurs, as is known Insulin resistance is one of the reasons for the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, and it is also easy to develop into type 2 diabetes later. Obesity causes atherosclerosis: atherosclerosis is the basis for ischemic lesions, embolism or infarction in the heart, brain, kidney and large blood vessels of the extremities. Centennial cholesterol doctrine tells us that there is no atherosclerosis without cholesterol, and the lipogenic doctrine of atherosclerosis tells us that excessive intake of cholesterol-rich and fatty foods will cause elevated blood lipids, hyperlipidemia can cause endothelial cell damage and focal shedding, increased permeability of the vascular wall, plasma lipoproteins are able to enter the intima, leading to increased ability of phagocyte clearance reaction by vascular scavengers. phagocytosis of a large number of foam cells and formation of lipid plaques, as well as proliferation and proliferation of smooth muscle cells, which together form atheromatous plaques. The inflammatory response theory suggests that obesity causes chronic nonspecific inflammation, and the inflammatory response plays an important role in all stages of atherosclerosis onset, development, plaque surface rupture, and concurrent thrombosis. Obesity causes hypertension: in the obese group, regardless of age, the incidence of hypertension is significantly higher than that of normal weight or lean body type, and the majority of patients with hypertension are obese, especially those with abdominal obesity (also called central obesity and pear-shaped obesity). What is the reason for obesity causing hypertension? 1, the increase of adipose tissue makes the blood volume and cardiac blood volume increase, in order to meet the body’s metabolic needs, is the direct cause of the rise of blood pressure; 2, the obese body burden increases, the body’s compensatory mechanisms are activated, such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sympathetic nervous system, blood catecholamines and other elevated blood pressure 3, obese people mostly combined with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, caused by hypoxemia, so that sympathetic excitability increased, vasoconstriction, blood secretion of blood pressure hormone increased, so that blood pressure increased; 4, obese people prone to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, the above abnormal start water and sodium retention mechanism, so that the body fluid volume increased or make the vascular resistance increased, activating the sympathetic nerve and make blood pressure. Activate sympathetic nerve and make blood pressure rise; 5, affect serum leptin level, overweight, central obesity all make serum leptin secretion increase, activate renin-angiotensin system, sympathetic nervous system, make nitric oxide secretion decrease, insulin sensitivity decrease, vascular endothelial cell factor dysfunction, indirectly promote blood pressure rise; 6, obesity can cause kidney chronic Ischemia, and subsequently activation of renin angiotensin system, so that the renal structure loses to change, renal units decrease, intrarenal pressure increases, causing hypertension. Obesity causes heart failure (cardiac insufficiency): The famous American Framingham study found that except for other cardiovascular factors, 11% of heart failure in men was caused by overweight and obesity, and about 14% in women, so obesity is one of the causes of heart failure. So what is the mechanism of obesity causing heart failure? 1, obese people metabolism accelerates, systemic blood volume and cardiac blood volume also increased, so that blood pressure directly increased; 2, obese people cardiovascular system burden increased, start compensation mechanism, sympathetic nerve, renin angiotensin system activation to increase blood pressure; 3, obese people abdominal fat accumulation caused by lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism disorders, intensify oxidative stress and inflammatory response, lipotoxic factors promote cardiomyocyte apoptosis, damage Myocardium, so that the heart function decreases. Obesity causes cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia: long-term obesity, overweight, especially abdominal obesity, a large amount of fat deposited in the heart, pericardium, around the large blood vessels, so that the heart enlarges, the load increases, resistance increases, affecting the compliance of the heart muscle, over time, the formation of fatty cardiomyopathy; lipotoxic substances also damage the heart muscle and signal conduction system, heart failure and arrhythmia, free fatty acid elevation can also Elevated free fatty acids can also lead to cardiomyocyte apoptosis and affect the repolarization function of the heart, resulting in arrhythmias. In addition, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve dysfunction, also prone to arrhythmias, so the possibility of sudden cardiac death in obese people is significantly increased. Therefore, obesity can cause many cardiovascular diseases, the most important is atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure, obesity cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia, once the formation of these chronic diseases, it is difficult to cure, and even need long-term medication. Therefore, we should pay attention to the harm caused by obesity and overweight, and take suitable weight loss methods for ourselves, and they are safe and effective, and can be sustained measures to make the weight reach the standard.